Graft and block photopolymerization

Smets, G.; Winter, W. De; Delzenne, G.

doi:10.1002/pol.1961.1205516229

Cited by 32 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…This is the basis of a useful method of following the progress of graft copolymerization reactions involving the poly(vinylamine) backbone (46). The technique should be useful for monitoring the progress of graft polymerizations based on polymers containing amino groups.…”

Section: Miscellaneous Examplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dyes, Macromolecular

Guthrie

Magami

Puthiyottil

2011

Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology

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Section: Miscellaneous Examplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dyes, Macromolecular

Guthrie

Magami

Puthiyottil

2011

Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology

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“…On the other hand, only small quantities of graft copolymers form with styrene or vinyl acetate monomers. 360 It is also possible to form graft copolymers on the surface of fibers by coating them with photoinitiators, like benzophenone, together with a monomer and then irradiating them with ultraviolet light. 414 Similar to the action of the anthraquinone dyes shown above, benzophenone in the excited triplet state mainly abstracts hydrogens and forms radicals on the surface.…”

Section: Photochemical Syntheses Of Graft Copolymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactions of Polymers

Ravve¹

1995

Principles of Polymer Chemistry

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In consideration of various chemical reactions of macromolecules, the reactivity of their functional groups must be compared to those of small molecules. The comparisons have stimulated many investigations and led to conclusions that functional groups exhibit equal reactivity in both large and small molecules, if the conditions are identical. These conclusions are supported by theoretical evidence. i ,2 Specifically, they apply to the following situations i :1. Reactions that take place in homogeneous fluid media with all reactants, intermediates, and end products fully soluble. These conditions exits from the start to the end of the reactions. 2. All elementary steps involve only individual functional groups. The other reacting species are small and mobile. 3. The steric factors in the low molecular weight compounds selected for comparison must be similar to those of the large molecules.The above can be illustrated by a few examples. For instance, the rates of photochemical cis-trans isomerization of azobenzene residues on the backbones of flexible polymeric chains are analogous to those of small molecules? Another example is the activation energy for cis-trans isomerization of azoaromatic polyuria. It is the same for low molecular weight analogs. 4 A third example is an experiment in comparing conformational transitions of some eximers in large and small molecules. A sandwich complex forms between an excited aromatic chromophore, Ar, and a similar chromophore in the ground state when irradiated with light of an appropriate wavelength. The conformation required by such an excimer can correspond to a prohibitive energy requirement for the unexcited molecule. All conformational transitions must take place during the lifetime of the excited state of the chromophore that is of the types:The ratio of the fluorescence intensity of an excimer and a normal molecule is a measure of the probability that the conformational transition takes place during the excited lifetime. A polyamide with only a small proportion of the following units was used for comparison: 403A. Ravve, Principles of Polymer Chemistry © Springer Science+Business Media New York 1995 Diffusion-Controlled ReactionsReactions that are bimolecular can be affected by the viscosity of the medium. 9 The translational motions of flexible polymeric chains are accompanied by concomitant segmental rearrangements. Whether this applies to a particular reaction, however, is hard to tell. For instance, two dynamic processes affect reactions, like termination rates, in chain-growth polymerizations. !fthe termination processes are controlled by translational motion, the rates of the reactions might be expected to vary with the translational diffusion coefficients of the polymers. Termination reactions, however, are not controlled by diffusions of entire molecules, but only by segmental diffusions within the coiled chains. IO The reactive ends assume positions where they are exposed to mutual interaction and not affected by the viscosity of the medium. Paired Group and Ne...

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“…An example of the first type of application is shown in the preparation of polyvinylamine-based graft copolymers [69]. The polyvinylamine-eosin system gives a useful method of following the development of a graft copolymeric matrix.…”

Section: Polymeric Colorants From Basic Dyesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymeric colorants

Guthrie

1990

Review of Progress in Coloration and Related Topics

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Polymeric colorants are a group of intermediate or high molar mass compounds that may also be thought of as being intrinsically coloured. As such, they fall into the broader class of inherently useful polymers. Often part of this usefulness arises from the presence of some other attribute than those of colour and high molar mass, e.g. liquid‐crystalline character, required hydrophilic/lipophilic balance, ionomer character and so on. In this review the attribute that is emphasised is that of colour within the context of practical applications, synthesis and characterisation. The various classifications are discussed and the relevant background information assessed. The coverage is designed to be reasonably comprehensive and informative. Nevertheless, readers are strongly encouraged to consult the references quoted for further details of specific systems or applications. This review concentrates on the period since 1984, except for its coverage of safety data, which extends over a longer timescale.

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Graft and block photopolymerization

Cited by 32 publications

References 5 publications

Dyes, Macromolecular

Dyes, Macromolecular

Reactions of Polymers

Polymeric colorants

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