Grafting of cyclic carbonates onto cotton and modified cottons

Abstract

SynopsisCyclic carbonates react with amines to form carbamates, with alcohols to form hydroxyalkylated products, and with dibasic acids or dibasic acids plus a glycol to form polyesters. These types of reactions between ethylene, propylene, or glycerine carbonate and cotton, either unmodified or modified to contain amine or carboxyl groups, were investigated. Effects of method of application, temperature, time of reaction, and pressure were studied. Temperature in excess of 100°C and reduced pressures were satisfactory for removing the water formed. Reaction between cyclic carbonates, dibasic acids, a glycol, and nonaqueously prepared carboxymethylated cotton in a vacuum oven yielded a fabric with conditioned and wet wrinkle recovery of approximately 300(W + F ) O .Infrared spectra, wrinkle recovery, and weight gain indicated that crosslinks formed in reactions between unmodified or carboxymethylated cotton and the cyclic carbonate. Reactions with aminized or diethylaminoethylated cotton formed terminal grafts.

Modifications of Cotton Cellulose Surfaces by Use of Radiofrequency Cold Plasmas and Characterization of Surface Changes by ESCA

“…Even those chemicals, such as glycidol or propylene carbonates, which react with cotton or chemicallymodified cottons [9,10] by a vapor-phase process at relatively low temperatures, did not react with the cellulosic substrates in the plasma reactor.…”