Grafting of organic sulfur-containing functional groups on activated carbon for gold(I) adsorption from thiosulfate solution

Chen, Yunlong; Zi, Futing; Hu, Xianzhi; Yu, Hong; Nie, Yanhe; Yang, Peng; Cheng, Huiling; Wang, Qiang; Qin, Xuecong; Chen, Shuliang; Zhang, Yan

doi:10.1016/j.hydromet.2019.02.007

Cited by 51 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…However, the equilibrium value was reached with a lower amount of carbon (50 g·L −1 of carbon) at higher ATG concentrations (0.05 and 0.02 mol·L −1 of ATG). These results agree with a previous study, for instance, when 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT) was impregnated in carbon at different concentrations (0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, and 0.9 g of MBT) and different contact times (8, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h with 0.7 g MBT), the gold recovery depended directly on the concentration of MBT used in the impregnation procedure [ 15 ].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Original activated carbon (2 g) was impregnated with ATG by stirring it with ATG (0.7 g) in 20 mL of isopropyl alcohol for 48 h. Then, the carbon was filtered and washed several times with deionized water. This carbon was filtered again and dried in an oven at 70 °C for 4 h. Finally, it was stored before characterization [ 14 , 15 ]. Unmodified carbon was also washed and dried before the characterization, both impregnated and unmodified carbon were used as adsorbents in the adsorption studies.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thiol and disulfide groups have been attached to the surface of activated carbon by impregnation with MBT (2-mercaptobenzothiazole) in alcohol solutions. This activated carbon recovers 95% of gold from solutions with 10 mg·L −1 of the gold thiosulfate complex [ 15 ]. Quaternary amines have also been impregnated in carbon nanotubes using the same procedure, for instance, Zhou et al [ 16 ] studied the impregnation of polyethyleneimine in carbon nanotubes previously oxidized with HNO 3 (5 mol·L −1 ) at room temperature for CO 2 capture applications [ 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Increased Recovery of Gold Thiosulfate Alkaline Solutions by Adding Thiol Groups in the Porous Structure of Activated Carbon

et al. 2020

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Thiosulfate leaching combined with ion-exchange resins is an innovative alternative for gold recovery. According to the properties of activated carbon, it could replace resins in the gold recovery process, improve efficiency, and reduce operating cost. In this research, the adsorption process of gold thiosulfate complex on thiol-modified activated carbon was studied. Thioglycolic acid (ATG) was impregnated in activated carbon, and its adsorption ability was tested with synthetic solutions of gold and sodium thiosulfate (Au 10 mg·L−1, Na2S2O3 0.1 mol·L−1, pH = 10.0). Carbon was characterized by infrared spectroscopy, SEM-EDS, PZC titration, hardness number measures, and proximal analysis. Synthetic solutions were also characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. The percentage of volatile material increased from 10.0 to 13.9% due to the impregnation process of ATG. Infrared spectra show characteristic bands of C-H, S-H, and C-S bonds. In the adsorption tests, the ATG-impregnated carbon achieved 91% of gold recovery, while the same amount of ATG in the liquid phase stirred with unmodified activated carbon reached 90% of gold recovery. The 44.9% of gold recovered with activated carbon impregnated with ATG was eluted with sodium cyanide ([NaCN] = 0.2 mol·L−1; [NaOH] = 0.25 mol·L−1; [CH3CH2OH] = 30% V/V; pH = 12.0; t = 24 h). These results suggest the gold transferred from the thiosulfate complex to a new gold thiolate complex.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Increased Recovery of Gold Thiosulfate Alkaline Solutions by Adding Thiol Groups in the Porous Structure of Activated Carbon

et al. 2020

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“…44 For the Fe 2p (3/2) spectrum of arsenopyrite roasted with calcium hydroxide (Figure 9b), a signal appeared at 710.94 eV, which was due to iron belonging to Fe 2 O 3. 46,47 The S 2p (3/2) spectra of unroasted arsenopyrite are shown in Figure 9c, which contains four double peaks. 46,47 The S 2p (3/2) spectra of unroasted arsenopyrite are shown in Figure 9c, which contains four double peaks.…”

Section: Xps Analysis Of the Surfaces Of Arsenopyrite And Calcine Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…45 This indicated that during solidification roasting, Fe (II) in arsenopyrite was oxidized to Fe (III). 46,47 The S 2p (3/2) spectra of unroasted arsenopyrite are shown in Figure 9c, which contains four double peaks. The doublet of each peak was limited to a binding energy 1.18 eV higher than the main peak, half the strength of the main peak, with the same binding energy.…”

Section: Xps Analysis Of the Surfaces Of Arsenopyrite And Calcine Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solidification of sulfur and arsenic in gold concentrate and leaching of the gold by thiosulfate

et al. 2020

Asia-Pacific J Chem Eng

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The processing of refractory minerals rich in arsenic and sulfur often causes give off arsenic and sulfur contamination during roasting and oxidation pretreatments. In this paper, the solidification of elemental arsenic and sulfur by adding calcium-containing compounds (calcium oxide, calcium carbonate, and calcium hydroxide) during roasting and oxidation was investigated with the aim of reducing environmental pollution. At the same time, the gold leaching from residues produced by solidification roasting and oxidation using nontoxic and environmentally friendly green copperammonia-thiosulfate method was also studied. The results indicated that a relatively better solidification effect of SO 2 and As 2 O 3 was achieved by adding Ca (OH) 2 , with a solidification efficiency for sulfur and arsenic as 84.67% and 50%, respectively. When copper-ammonia-thiosulfate leaching was carried out on the residues after solidification roasting, it was found that a 90% gold leaching percentage was obtained. Via characterization using Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area, scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, it was also found that the arsenic and sulfur in arsenopyrite were oxidized into stable and safe sulfates and arsenates after solidification. The results show that solidification roasting oxidation is an efficient and environmentally friendly pretreatment method, and the gold in the calcine can be effectively leached out via the green copper-ammonia-thiosulfate system. K E Y W O R D Sgold leaching, refractory gold concentrate, solidification of sulfur and arsenic, thiosulfate

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Efficient and Selective Recovery of Gold from Thiosulfate Leaching Solution Using Functionalized β‐Cyclodextrins Synthesized by a Steric Hindrance Strategy

Li,

Chen,

et al. 2023

Adv Funct Materials

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Designing suitable adsorbents is a key challenge in the recovery of Au(I) from thiosulfate gold‐leaching solutions as the ideal adsorbent not only possesses abundant active sites with high affinities and selectivities toward Au(I), but also demonstrates fast recovery of Au(I) at high purity and large capacity. Herein, guided by theoretical calculations, a water‐insoluble inclusion complex is synthesized using β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD) and diphenylphosphine (DPP) as host and guest molecules, respectively, by a steric hindrance strategy for highly efficient and selective Au(I) recovery. The prepared β‐CD@DPP exhibits outstanding Au(I) adsorption performance, with a saturated loading capacity of 146.28 mg g−1. The excellent adsorption performance of β‐CD@DPP for Au(I) is mainly attributed to the full exposure of the adsorption site and the weakly alkaline adsorption environment. Furthermore, β‐CD@DPP demonstrates outstanding selectivity for Au(I) in a Cu─NH3─thiosulfate gold‐leaching solution, and the Au(I) recovery rate is higher than 99%. Synthesis of β‐CD@DPP primarily depends on the weak interactions between DPP and β‐CD. Mechanism of adsorption of Au(I) on β‐CD@DPP involves ligand exchange between PPh2− and [Au(S2O3)2]3−. This study provides a new idea and material preparation method for highly efficient, selective, and large‐capacity recovery of Au(I) from thiosulfate leaching solution.

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Grafting of organic sulfur-containing functional groups on activated carbon for gold(I) adsorption from thiosulfate solution

Cited by 51 publications

References 36 publications

Increased Recovery of Gold Thiosulfate Alkaline Solutions by Adding Thiol Groups in the Porous Structure of Activated Carbon

Increased Recovery of Gold Thiosulfate Alkaline Solutions by Adding Thiol Groups in the Porous Structure of Activated Carbon

Solidification of sulfur and arsenic in gold concentrate and leaching of the gold by thiosulfate

Efficient and Selective Recovery of Gold from Thiosulfate Leaching Solution Using Functionalized β‐Cyclodextrins Synthesized by a Steric Hindrance Strategy

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