Grafting of Thiazole Derivative on Chitosan Magnetite Nanoparticles for Cadmium Removal—Application for Groundwater Treatment

Abstract

The synthesis and developments of magnetic chitosan nanoparticles for high efficiency removal of the cadmium ions from aquatic medium are one of the most challenging techniques. Highly adsorptive composite (MCH-ATA) was produced by the reaction of chitosan with formaldehyde and amino thiazole derivative. The sorbent was characterized by FTIR, elemental analyses (EA), SEM-EDX, TEM analysis, TGA and titration (volumetric). The modified material includes high nitrogen and sulfur contents (i.e., 4.64 and 1.35 mmol g−1, respectively), compared to the pristine material (3.5 and 0 mmol g−1, respectively). The sorption was investigated for the removal of Cd(II) ions from synthetic (prepared) solution before being tested towards naturally contaminated groundwater in an industrial area. The functionalized sorbent shows a high loading capacity (1.78 mmol Cd g−1; 200 mg Cd g−1) compared to the pristine material (0.61 mmol Cdg−1; 68.57 mg Cd g−1), while removal of about 98% of Cd with capacity (6.4 mg Cdg−1) from polymetallic contaminated groundwater. The sorbent displays fast sorption kinetics compared to the non-modified composite (MCH); 30 min is sufficient for complete sorption for MCH-ATA, while 60–90 min for the MCH. PFORE fits sorption kinetics for both sorbents, whereas the Langmuir equation fits for MCH and Langmuir and Sips for MCH-ATA for sorption isotherms. The TEM analysis confirms the nano scale size, which limits the diffusion to intraparticle sorption properties. The 0.2 M HCl solution is a successful desorbing agent for the metal ions. The sorbent was applied for the removal of cadmium ions from the contaminated underground water and appears to be a promising process for metal decontamination and water treatment.

Light enhanced the antimicrobial, anticancer, and catalytic activities of selenium nanoparticles fabricated by endophytic fungal strain, Penicillium crustosum EP-1

“…The reusability of synthesized NPs in catalytic activity is considered an important factor for industrial applications 79 . Therefore, five sequential cycles were conducted to investigate the efficacy of synthesized Se-NPs.…”

High-Performance Hydrogel Based on Modified Chitosan for Removal of Heavy Metal Ions in Borehole: A Case Study from the Bahariya Oasis, Egypt

“…Chitosan-bearing amine and hydroxyl groups shift the pK a on the basic side, while the sulfonated groups (in the CH-AS) have an acidic character and shift the pK a values to the acidic direction. Hamza et al reported the pH pzc of different composites based on biopolymers in the range of 2.84 and 4.82 [34,[74][75][76] from 0.1 M NaCl solutions. Sulfonation causes a strong shift in the pH PZC, as noticed in sulfonation of some agriculture wastes (hawthorn kernel), which were shifted from 7 to 3.9 [77].…”

“…et al reported the pHpzc of different composites based on biopolymers in the range of 2.84 and 4.82 [34,[74][75][76] from 0.1 M NaCl solutions. Sulfonation causes a strong shift in the pHPZC, as noticed in sulfonation of some agriculture wastes (hawthorn kernel), which were shifted from 7 to 3.9 [77].…”

Phyco-Synthesized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Using Marine Macroalgae, Ulva fasciata Delile, Characterization, Antibacterial Activity, Photocatalysis, and Tanning Wastewater Treatment

“…The discharge of effluents from different industries, such as textile and leather tanning, without treatment causes massive harmful effects on the environment [23]. This is due to the highly toxic substances of these effluents, such as dyes and heavy metals [24,25]. Recently, the development of new semiconductors that are used as catalysts for remediation of these effluents are of global interest.…”