Using a double-probe spreading resistance measurement technique combined with a layer-by-layer analysis, temperature dependences of electroconductivity of polycrystalline lithium pentaferrite (LPF), which is produced via a ceramic-production technological process, are investigated. It is shown that the electroconductivity activation energy of LPF is controlled by the height of grain-boundary potential barrier due to different degrees of grain boundary and grain bulk oxidation. A relationship is established between the value of the electroconductivity activation energy of LPF and the processes of its oxygen exchange with the surrounding medium during thermal annealing.