Grain boundary engineering of austenitic steel PNC316 for use in nuclear reactors

Sekine, Manabu; Sakaguchi, Norihito; Endo, M.; Kinoshita, Hiroshi; Watanabe, Seiichi; Kokawa, Hiroyuki; Yamashita, Shinichiro; Yano, Yasuhide; Kawai, Masayoshi

doi:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2011.03.049

Cited by 30 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…These results present an interesting opportunity for designing radiation-tolerant materials, i.e., the grain boundary character of polycrystalline materials can be engineered to enhance their beneficial effects while reducing their detrimental effects, as was first proposed by Watanabe 16 . Recent advances in both experimentally measuring the grain boundary character distribution [17][18][19][20][21] and applying grain boundary engineering to various material systems 22 may allow for improved materials design of radiation-tolerant materials through thermo-mechanical processing. However, while experiments can readily supply information pertaining to changes in macroscopic properties due to grain boundary engineering, it is difficult to experimentally understand the behavior of grain boundary character for individual boundaries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probing grain boundary sink strength at the nanoscale: Energetics and length scales of vacancy and interstitial absorption by grain boundaries inα-Fe

et al. 2012

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The energetics and length scales associated with the interaction between point defects (vacancies and self-interstitial atoms) and grain boundaries in BCC Fe was explored. Molecular statics simulations were used to generate a grain boundary structure database that contained ≈ 170 grain boundaries with varying tilt and twist character. Then, vacancy and self-interstitial atom formation energies were calculated at all potential grain boundary sites within 15Å of the boundary. The present results provide detailed information about the interaction energies of vacancies and selfinterstitial atoms with symmetric tilt grain boundaries in iron and the length scales involved with absorption of these point defects by grain boundaries. Both low and high angle grain boundaries were effective sinks for point defects, with a few low-Σ grain boundaries (e.g., the Σ3{112} twin boundary) that have properties different from the rest. The formation energies depend on both the local atomic structure and the distance from the boundary center. Additionally, the effect of grain boundary energy, disorientation angle, and Σ-designation on the boundary sink strength was explored; the strongest correlation occurred between the grain boundary energy and the mean point defect formation energies. Based on point defect binding energies, interstitials have ≈ 80% more grain boundary sites per area and ≈ 300% greater site strength than vacancies. Last, the absorption length scale of point defects by grain boundaries is over a full lattice unit larger for interstitials than for vacancies (mean of 6-7Å vs. 10-11Å for vacancies and interstitials, respectively).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probing grain boundary sink strength at the nanoscale: Energetics and length scales of vacancy and interstitial absorption by grain boundaries inα-Fe

et al. 2012

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“…For polycrystalline materials, the grain boundary characteristics are notably significant and exceedingly affect both the mechanical and physical properties of a material [ 1 , 2 ]. For example, the diffusion/sliding/precipitation behaviors of grain boundary significantly depend on the grain boundary features [ 3 ]. Grain boundary engineering (GBE) is an effective method to optimize the grain boundary features for improving material properties [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of Annealing Twins in a Hot Deformed Nickel-Based Superalloy

et al. 2021

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The hot deformation characteristics of a GH4169 superalloy are investigated at the temperature and strain rate ranges of 1193–1313 K and 0.01–1 s−1, respectively, through Gleeble-3500 simulator. The hot deformed microstructures are analyzed by optical microscopy (OM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) technology. The effects of deformation parameters on the features of flow curves and annealing twins are discussed in detail. It is found that the shapes of flow curves are greatly affected by the deformation temperature. Broad peaks appear at low deformation temperatures or high strain rates. In addition, the evolution of annealing twins is significantly sensitive to the deformation degree, temperature, and strain rate. The fraction of annealing twins first decreases and then rises with the added deformation degree. This is because the initial annealing twin characters disappear at the relatively small strains, while the annealing twins rapidly generate with the growth of dynamic recrystallized grains during the subsequent hot deformation. The fraction of annealing twins is relatively high when the deformation temperature is high or the strain rate is low. In addition, the important role of annealing twins on dynamic recrystallization (DRX) behaviors are elucidated. The obvious bulging at initial twin boundaries, and the coherency of annealing twin boundaries with dynamic recrystallized grain boundaries, indicates that annealing twins can motivate the DRX nucleation during the hot deformation.

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“…The aim of GBE is to enhance the grain-boundary-related properties of materials by increasing the frequency of low Σ CSL grain boundaries (Σ≤29) and tailoring the grain boundary network. It was reported that in some face centered cubic materials with low stacking fault energy, such as Ni-based alloys [5][6][7][8] , lead alloys [9,10] , austenitic stainless steels [11][12][13][14] and copper alloys [15,16] , the frequency of low Σ CSL grain boundaries can be greatly increased by using proper thermo-mechanical processing (TMP), and as a result the grain boundary related properties were greatly enhanced. GBE is usually applied though thermo-mechanical processing which includes different combinations of strain and annealing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of grain boundary character distributions in alloy 825 tubes during high temperature annealing: Is grain boundary engineering achieved through recrystallization or grain growth?

Bai

Zhao

Xia

et al. 2017

Materials Characterization

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Grain boundary engineering (GBE) of nickel-based alloy 825 tubes was carried out with different cold drawing deformations by using a draw-bench on a factory production line and subsequent annealing at various temperatures. The microstructure evolution of alloy 825 during thermal-mechanical processing (TMP) was characterized by means of the electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) technique to study the TMP effects on the grain boundary network and the evolution of grain boundary character distributions during high temperature annealing. The results showed that the proportion of Σ3 n coincidence site lattice (CSL) boundaries of alloy 825 tubes could be increased to more than 75% by the TMP of 5% cold drawing and subsequent annealing at 1050℃ for 10 min. The microstructures of the partially recrystallized samples and the fully recrystallized samples suggested that the proportion of low ∑ CSL grain boundaries depended on the annealing time. The frequency of low ∑ CSL grain boundaries increases rapidly with increasing annealing time © 2016. This manuscript version is made available under the Elsevier user license http://www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/associating with the formation of large-size highly-twinned grains-cluster microstructure during recrystallization. However, upon further increasing annealing time, the frequency of low ∑ CSL grain boundaries decreased markedly during grain growth. So it is concluded that grain boundary engineering is achieved through recrystallization rather than grain growth.

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Grain boundary engineering of austenitic steel PNC316 for use in nuclear reactors

Cited by 30 publications

References 23 publications

Probing grain boundary sink strength at the nanoscale: Energetics and length scales of vacancy and interstitial absorption by grain boundaries inα-Fe

Probing grain boundary sink strength at the nanoscale: Energetics and length scales of vacancy and interstitial absorption by grain boundaries inα-Fe

Evolution of Annealing Twins in a Hot Deformed Nickel-Based Superalloy

Evolution of grain boundary character distributions in alloy 825 tubes during high temperature annealing: Is grain boundary engineering achieved through recrystallization or grain growth?

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