Grain growth mechanism during the welding of interstitial free (IF) steels

Bayraktar, E.; Kaplan, D.; Devillers, Léopold; Chevalier, Jean-Pierre

doi:10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2007.01.012

Cited by 79 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The welding thermal circle of Point a in Figure 7 is selected to substitute into Equation (10). When k = 1.16, D = 138.7 µm, the result has good agreement with the experimental result.…”

Section: Aexpˆ´2mentioning

confidence: 74%

“…The significant aspect is that the grain behaviors of the HAZ have been studied. Researchers have given some mechanisms as follows: dispersed particles [2,6,7], stress relief [4], Zener pinning [6,10], smooth-boundary pinning [4] and grain boundary migration [10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the ultra-pure ferritic stainless steel, no phase transformation occurs. Atomic diffusion and grain boundary migration are the main grain growth mechanisms [10,11]. Research on the grain growth of ferritic stainless steel also has been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Finite-Element Thermal Analysis and Grain Growth Behavior of HAZ on Argon Tungsten-Arc Welding of 443 Stainless Steel

Wang

Deng

Zheng

et al. 2016

Metals

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This paper presents a numerical and infrared experimental study of thermal and grain growth behavior during argon tungsten arc welding of 443 stainless steel. A 3D finite element model was proposed to simulate the welding process. The simulations were carried out via the Ansys Parametric Design Language (APDL) available in the finite-element code, ANSYS. To validate the simulation accuracy, a series of experiments using a fully-automated welding process was conducted. The results of the numerical analysis show that the simulation weld bead size and the experiment results have good agreement. The grain growth in the heat-affected zone of 443 stainless steel is influenced via three factors: (1) the thermal cycle experienced; (2) grain boundary migration; and (3) particle precipitation. Grain boundary migration is the main factor. The modified coefficient k of the grain growth index is calculated. The value is 1.16. Moreover, the microhardness of the weld bead softened slightly compared to the base metal.

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“…The welding thermal circle of Point a in Figure 7 is selected to substitute into Equation (10). When k = 1.16, D = 138.7 µm, the result has good agreement with the experimental result.…”

Section: Aexpˆ´2mentioning

confidence: 74%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Finite-Element Thermal Analysis and Grain Growth Behavior of HAZ on Argon Tungsten-Arc Welding of 443 Stainless Steel

Wang

Deng

Zheng

et al. 2016

Metals

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“…This can be explained by the increase of the weld current and the weld time, which is the cause of excessive heat input and so, of such failures as splashing and over grain size. Bayraktar [22] et al reported that excessive grain growth depended strongly on the value of the local thermal gradient in the vicinity of the austenite to ferrite transformation temperature and the mobility of austenite-ferrite interface. In the case of a high thermal gradient, the grain growth occurs in the direction of the fusion zone, along the thermal gradient.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adhesive weld bonding of interstitial free steel at spot welding for automotive application

Hayat¹,

Demir²,

Acarer³

et al. 2010

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In this study, the effect of adhesive bonding on strength and strength-ductility behaviour of welding joint in electrical resistance spot welding of 7315 grade IF steel sheets was investigated. 7315 grade (DIN EN 10130-1999) IF steels were adhesively bonded and different welding current and welding cycle conditions were performed in welding process. For adhesive bonding, Loctite Terostat 9120-Grey and Terostat 9220-Black grade adhesive bonders were used. Additionally, adhesively bonded joint samples were also performed without welding. Microstructure and tensile-shear tests of the adhesively bonded and welded materials were evaluated. Failure modes of the weld bonded tensile sheared samples were observed to be different from only welded samples. Experimental results have shown that with the increase in the weld time and weld current, the effect of the adhesive weld bonding on tensile performance also increases.K e y w o r d s : IF (Interstitial-Free) sheet steel, resistance spot welding, adhesive weld bonding, tension test

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“…The photograph of nearest region to HAZ shows the elongated ferrite grains, this happens due to direction of heat flow. It is observed that large grains are present near the fusion line and they are oriented along the direction of large heat flow [10,11].…”

Section: After Weldingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microscopic Analysis of Heat Affected Zone (HAZ) of Submerged Arc Welding (saw) Joint for 1018 Mild Steel Sheet

Tadavi¹,

Jogi

Dhende³

et al. 2017

Proceedings of the International Conference on Communication and Signal Processing 2016 (ICCASP 2016)

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Abstract:This research presents observation of the microstructure of 1018 mild steel in the heat affected zone (HAZ) region. For SAW process various parameters are chosen such as current, voltage and welding speed. The welding experiments were conducted as per the Taguchi L9 method. The samples of 1018 MS were welded by submerged arc welding (SAW), followed by sample preparation and observation under Nikon microscope. Sample was prepared by cutting, mounting, polishing and etching method. It was observed that the microstructure of the centre of weld zone is completely different from the heat-affected zone. The few defects such as porosity, inclusion due to slag and the variation in microstructure due to temperature difference and cooling rate are observed through microscopic analysis.

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Grain growth mechanism during the welding of interstitial free (IF) steels

Cited by 79 publications

References 18 publications

Finite-Element Thermal Analysis and Grain Growth Behavior of HAZ on Argon Tungsten-Arc Welding of 443 Stainless Steel

Finite-Element Thermal Analysis and Grain Growth Behavior of HAZ on Argon Tungsten-Arc Welding of 443 Stainless Steel

Adhesive weld bonding of interstitial free steel at spot welding for automotive application

Microscopic Analysis of Heat Affected Zone (HAZ) of Submerged Arc Welding (saw) Joint for 1018 Mild Steel Sheet

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