Grain legume seed filling in relation to nitrogen 
acquisition: A review and prospects with particular 
reference to pea

Salon, Christophe; Munier-Jolain, Nathalie; Duc, Gérard; Voisin, Anne‐Sophie; Grandgirard, David; Larmure, Annabelle; Emery, Robert J.; Ney, Bertrand

doi:10.1051/agro:2001143

Cited by 96 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 67 publications

(95 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Some plant species take up N primarily during the vegetative growth phase (Guindo et al, 1992;Rossato et al, 2001;Malagoli et al, 2005;Coque and Gallais, 2007;Gallais et al, 2007), but pea plants generally acquire N throughout the life cycle (Salon et al, 2001;Schiltz et al, 2005). When grown under high or moderate N fertilization, AAP1-OE plants displayed significantly higher xylem amino acid levels ( Fig.…”

Section: Nue Is Greatly Improved In Aap1-oe Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A crop with optimum N use would not only take up N more effectively from the soil but also utilize the acquired N more efficiently for biomass and seed production (Lhuillier-Soundélé et al, 1999; Salon et al, 2001;Schiltz et al, 2005;Burstin et al, 2007). Following N uptake and assimilation, the amino acids may be transported to developing sinks (Lewis and Pate, 1973;Pate and Flinn, 1973;Urquhart and Joy, 1982;Schiltz et al, 2005), or, during the vegetative phase, some N also might be transiently stored in leaves or stem as amino acids or proteins (Pate and Flinn, 1973;Egle et al, 2015;Girondé et al, 2015).…”

Section: Nue Is Greatly Improved In Aap1-oe Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Improving Plant Nitrogen Use Efficiency through Alteration of Amino Acid Transport Processes

2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Improving the efficiency of nitrogen (N) uptake and utilization in plants could potentially increase crop yields while reducing N fertilization and, subsequently, environmental pollution. Within most plants, N is transported primarily as amino acids. In this study, pea (Pisum sativum) plants overexpressing AMINO ACID PERMEASE1 (AAP1) were used to determine if and how genetic manipulation of amino acid transport from source to sink affects plant N use efficiency. The modified plants were grown under low, moderate, or high N fertilization regimes. The results showed that, independent of the N nutrition, the engineered plants allocate more N via the vasculature to the shoot and seeds and produce more biomass and higher seed yields than wild-type plants. Dependent on the amount of N supplied, the AAP1-overexpressing plants displayed improved N uptake or utilization efficiency, or a combination of the two. They also showed significantly increased N use efficiency in N-deficient as well as in N-rich soils and, impressively, required half the amount of N to produce as many fruits and seeds as control plants. Together, these data support that engineering N allocation from source to sink presents an effective strategy to produce crop plants with improved productivity as well as N use efficiency in a range of N environments.Nitrogen (N) is an essential nutrient that plants require in large amounts for growth and development. In industrial countries, high N fertilization enables maximum crop yields, and in the last 50 years, the use of synthetic N fertilizers has increased dramatically to meet the agricultural demands of a growing population (FAO, 2012;Conant et al., 2013). However, depending on the crop species and soil conditions, plants take up less than half of the applied N fertilizer (Raun and Johnson, 1999;Hodge et al., 2000;Kumar and Goh, 2002;Yang et al., 2015;Zhu et al., 2016). The remaining soil N may contaminate aquatic systems through runoffs or leached water (Crews and Peoples, 2005;Gruber and Galloway, 2008) or it may undergo denitrification and be released into the atmosphere as nitrous oxide, a powerful greenhouse gas (Bouwman, 1996;Bouwman et al., 2002), altogether resulting in negative effects on the environment and human health. Oppositely, in developing countries, access to N fertilizer is limited, and insufficient N nutrition results in low crop productivity and, ultimately, in reduced food supply (Brown et al., 2009;Lal, 2009).One solution to these issues is the production of crop varieties that are highly efficient in using N and produce high yields with reduced N input (MasclauxDaubresse et al., 2010;McAllister et al., 2012;Garnett et al., 2015). Plant nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is determined by plant seed yield relative to the amount of N applied and is generally composed of both N uptake and N utilization efficiency (Moll et al., 1982). Nitrogen uptake efficiency (NUpE) is defined as total shoot N relative to the amount of N supplied to the soil. The uptake of N by the root is influenced by th...

show abstract

Section: Nue Is Greatly Improved In Aap1-oe Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nue Is Greatly Improved In Aap1-oe Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Plant Nitrogen Use Efficiency through Alteration of Amino Acid Transport Processes

2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Seeds take up Suc and nitrogen in the form of amino acids from the apoplast surrounding the filial tissue (Weber et al, 2005). While seed storage protein biosynthesis is in general dependent on nitrogen in pea (Pisum sativum), soybean (Glycine max), maize (Zea mays), and barley (Hordeum vulgare; Balconi et al, 1991;Mü ller and Knudsen, 1993;Salon et al, 2001;Hernández-Sebastià et al, 2005), Suc also has specific functions as a transport and nutrient sugar and as a signal molecule (Smeekens, 2000;Koch, 2004). In legume cotyledons and barley endosperm, Suc level increases at the onset of maturation, marks the switch from maternal to filial control of seed growth, and is associated with maturation (Weber et al, 2005).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing Sucrose Uptake Capacity of Wheat Grains Stimulates Storage Protein Synthesis

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Increasing grain sink strength by improving assimilate uptake capacity could be a promising approach toward getting higher yield. The barley (Hordeum vulgare) sucrose transporter HvSUT1 (SUT) was expressed under control of the endosperm-specific Hordein B1 promoter (HO). Compared with the wild type, transgenic HOSUT grains take up more sucrose (Suc) in vitro, showing that the transgene is functional. Grain Suc levels are not altered, indicating that Suc fluxes are influenced rather than steady-state levels. HOSUT grains have increased percentages of total nitrogen and prolamins, which is reflected in increased levels of phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan, isoleucine, and leucine at late grain development. Transcript profiling indicates specific stimulation of prolamin gene expression at the onset of storage phase. Changes in gene expression and metabolite levels related to carbon metabolism and amino acid biosynthesis suggest deregulated carbon-nitrogen balance, which together indicate carbon sufficiency and relative depletion of nitrogen. Genes, deregulated together with prolamin genes, might represent candidates, which respond positively to assimilate supply and are related to sugar-starch metabolism, cytokinin and brassinosteroid functions, cell proliferation, and sugar/abscisic acid signaling. Genes showing inverse expression patterns represent potential negative regulators. It is concluded that HvSUT1 overexpression increases grain protein content but also deregulates the metabolic status of wheat (Triticum aestivum) grains, accompanied by up-regulated gene expression of positive and negative regulators related to sugar signaling and assimilate supply. In HOSUT grains, alternating stimulation of positive and negative regulators causes oscillatory patterns of gene expression and highlights the capacity and great flexibility to adjust wheat grain storage metabolism in response to metabolic alterations.

show abstract

“…Root growth, nodule development, and functioning are highly sensitive to variation in carbon supply from aerial parts of the plant (Voisin et al, 2003a(Voisin et al, , 2003b. In favorable conditions, symbiotic fixation and assimilation contribute 80% and 20%, respectively, of the nitrogen acquired (Salon et al, 2001), but environmental conditions-water status and structure of the soil, mineral nitrogen availability, and temperature-can modulate the respective contributions because symbiotic fixation is more susceptible than assimilation to environmental stresses (Sprent et al, 1988;Salon et al, 2001). During the seed-filling phase, assimilates are preferentially furnished to the seeds, which are the main sink, at the expense of vegetative organs and nodules.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental Genes Have Pleiotropic Effects on Plant Morphology and Source Capacity, Eventually Impacting on Seed Protein Content and Productivity in Pea

et al. 2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Increasing pea (Pisum sativum) seed nutritional value and particularly seed protein content, while maintaining yield, is an important challenge for further development of this crop. Seed protein content and yield are complex and unstable traits, integrating all the processes occurring during the plant life cycle. During filling, seeds are the main sink to which assimilates are preferentially allocated at the expense of vegetative organs. Nitrogen seed demand is satisfied partly by nitrogen acquired by the roots, but also by nitrogen remobilized from vegetative organs. In this study, we evaluated the respective roles of nitrogen source capacity and sink strength in the genetic variability of seed protein content and yield. We showed in eight genotypes of diverse origins that both the maximal rate of nitrogen accumulation in the seeds and nitrogen source capacity varied among genotypes. Then, to identify the genetic factors responsible for seed protein content and yield variation, we searched for quantitative trait loci (QTL) for seed traits and for indicators of sink strength and source nitrogen capacity. We detected 261 QTL across five environments for all traits measured. Most QTL for seed and plant traits mapped in clusters, raising the possibility of common underlying processes and candidate genes. In most environments, the genes Le and Afila, which control internode length and the switch between leaflets and tendrils, respectively, determined plant nitrogen status. Depending on the environment, these genes were linked to QTL of seed protein content and yield, suggesting that source-sink adjustments depend on growing conditions. The last two decades have seen an exponential increase in the number of plant sequences in databases and the explosion of investigations on the molecular functions and physiological roles of these genes. At the same time, new concepts, such as quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping followed by the development of statistical tools, have emerged in quantitative genetics to identify the genes involved in the genetic variability of complex traits (Lander and Botstein, 1989). The functions of thousands of genes have been identified mainly through knockout mutant analysis (Østergaard and Yanovsky, 2004), but also through QTL identification (for review, see Paran and Zamir, 2003). These tools can now be used to address the question of phenotypic plasticity-which genes control plant functioning in which environments-and to provide some clues about which forces shaped natural variation and the strategies that should be used to breed more adapted cultivars (Paran and Zamir, 2003;Reymond et al., 2003;Koornneef et al., 2004;Mitchell-Olds and Schmitt, 2006). In this respect, Tonsor et al. (2005) proposed to analyze natural genetic variation in the model species Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) to identify the role of genes having subtle, partially redundant, and/or environment-dependent effects on phenotypes, and to better understand gene interactions and pleiotropy. The study of natural genetic ...

show abstract

Grain legume seed filling in relation to nitrogen acquisition: A review and prospects with particular reference to pea

Cited by 96 publications

References 67 publications

Improving Plant Nitrogen Use Efficiency through Alteration of Amino Acid Transport Processes

Improving Plant Nitrogen Use Efficiency through Alteration of Amino Acid Transport Processes

Increasing Sucrose Uptake Capacity of Wheat Grains Stimulates Storage Protein Synthesis

Developmental Genes Have Pleiotropic Effects on Plant Morphology and Source Capacity, Eventually Impacting on Seed Protein Content and Productivity in Pea

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About