Grain size characterization in metallic alloys using different microscopy and post-processing techniques

Flipon, Baptiste; Grand, Victor; Murgas, Brayan; Gaillac, Alexis; Nicolaÿ, Alexis; Bozzolo, Nathalie; Bernacki, Marc

doi:10.1016/j.matchar.2021.110977

Cited by 17 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Two techniques are used to characterize microstructure evolutions: optical microscopy under polarized light with image analysis [15] (OM-PL) and EBSD. The first technique is used for characterizing fully recrystallized microstructures such as the ones observed under GG condition.…”

Section: Characterization Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization and modeling of the influence of initial microstructure on recrystallization of zircaloy-4 during hot forming

Grand¹,

Flipon²,

Gaillac³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The present article proposes a detailed study of recrystallization of zircaloy-4 under hot forming conditions by means of experimental and numerical tools. Thermomechanical tests and characterization campaigns that have been necessary for this work are described. Then, the different microstructure evolution mechanisms are characterized, from the simplest one to the most complex. Grain growth kinetics is quantified and the influence of second phase particle population is analyzed. Then, a complete study of dynamic and post-dynamic recrystallization is provided. The occurrence of a continuous mechanism is confirmed and the influence of thermomechanical conditions upon recrystallization is assessed. Later, the numerical framework used to simulate grain growth, continuous and post-dynamic recrystallization is presented. After having successfully reproduced the grain coarsening kinetics with and without second phase particles, the model is used to describe continuous dynamic recrystallization and post-dynamic recrystallization from an initial equiaxed and fully recrystallized microstructure. The agreement between experimental and numerical results is assessed in details. Finally, post-dynamic recrystallization is simulated, starting from two deformed microstructures characterized by electron back-scattered diffraction technique and immersed into simulations. This allows to discuss and reproduce the influence of initial microstructure.

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Section: Characterization Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Samples observed using OM-PL technique are prepared according to the protocol described in ref. [15]. Samples observed by EBSD are polished using first grinding papers and a polishing solution that contains diamond particles with a size of 15 nm.…”

Section: Characterization Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and modeling of the influence of initial microstructure on recrystallization of zircaloy-4 during hot forming

Grand¹,

Flipon²,

Gaillac³

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Metallographic Determination of the Number and Sizes of Grains Depending on Structural and Phase Changes in the Metal of Welded Steam Pipe Joints

Harashchenko

Dmytryk

Berezutskyi

et al. 2022

Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering

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On the Sources of Discrepancies Between Grain Size Measurements

Evans,

Timberlake,

Tyagi

et al. 2024

Metallogr. Microstruct. Anal.

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Accurate quantification of grain size in polycrystals is extraordinarily important for quality assurance and the development of structure-property relationships, as grain size affects nearly all engineering properties of structural alloys, from strength and fatigue life to corrosion resistance and thermal conductivity. Despite nearly a century of the existence of standards for measuring grain size, issues persist in obtaining consistent grain size measurements across several techniques. Of particular interest is comparing optical microscopy or scanning electron microscopy on an etched surface with mapping of crystal orientations using electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). In this work, discrepancies between methods in the ASTM E 112 and ASTM E 2627 standards are explored through simulated measurements on synthetic microstructures. It is concluded that a small but systematic discrepancy exists between planimetric and lineal intercept-based approaches, and a new empirical relationship between the ASTM grain size number G and lineal intercepts is proposed.

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Grain size characterization in metallic alloys using different microscopy and post-processing techniques

Cited by 17 publications

References 28 publications

Characterization and modeling of the influence of initial microstructure on recrystallization of zircaloy-4 during hot forming

Characterization and modeling of the influence of initial microstructure on recrystallization of zircaloy-4 during hot forming

Metallographic Determination of the Number and Sizes of Grains Depending on Structural and Phase Changes in the Metal of Welded Steam Pipe Joints

On the Sources of Discrepancies Between Grain Size Measurements

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