Grain size control of LiMn2O4 cathode material using microwave synthesis method

Nakayama, Masanobu; Watanabe, Katsuhiro; Ikuta, Hiromasa; Uchimoto, Yoshiharu; Wakihara, Masataka

doi:10.1016/j.ssi.2003.08.048

Cited by 85 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…As a result, the formation of insulating defective phases is suppressed by the AlPO 4 coating. Generally, the main reason of capacity fading in stoichiometric LMO is believed to be Mn dissolution—more specifically, bulk structure degradation, surface degradation, pulverization of particles, and active material loss . However, metal ion substitution has been proven to offer structural stability upon cycling at elevated temperature, while our data clearly indicates that the formation of secondary phases cannot be prohibited.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 70%

Optimized 4‐V Spinel Cathode Material with High Energy Density for Li‐Ion Cells Operating at 60 °C

Lee

Jeong

Cho

2013

Advanced Energy Materials

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Spinel cathodes comprising 16‐μm, AlPO4‐coated Li1.09Mn1.83Al0.08O4 with a high energy density of 1.2 W h cm‐3 are synthesized via a conventional solid‐state reaction using MnO2 and Li2CO3 at 770 °C for 10 h and using a solution‐based coating method in bulk scale (>20 kg). The cathodes are coated by aluminum phosphate at a thickness of <10 nm. The coated cathodes exhibit a first discharge capacity of 108 mA·h g‐1 and a coulombic efficiency of >99.8%, and their capacity retention is 78% after 200 cycles at a 0.5C rate in a Li‐ion cell under 60 °C. More importantly, a Li‐ion cell containing the coated cathode does not exhibit a swelling problem after 200 cycles at 60 °C. Transmission and scanning electron microscopy suggest that the uniformly distributed AlPO4 coating and the possible formation of a solid solution phase along the surface play key roles in enhancing the electrochemical performance of the LiMn2O4 spinel at 60 °C.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 70%

Optimized 4‐V Spinel Cathode Material with High Energy Density for Li‐Ion Cells Operating at 60 °C

Lee

Jeong

Cho

2013

Advanced Energy Materials

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“…Aluminium is a preferred dopant for LMO [16][17][18] since it is abundant, non-toxic, less expensive and lighter than transition metal elements. Reports on the application of microwave irradiation (MWI) in the preparation of LMO have focussed on reducing the synthesis time, [22][23][24][25][26][27][28] there is no report on the strategic utilisation of MWI aimed at curbing the recalcitrant capacity fading. We have found that microwave irradiation can enhance cycling behaviour by controlling the manganese valence state, structure, and morphological integrity of the LMO and Al-doped LMO.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave-assisted optimization of the manganese redox states for enhanced capacity and capacity retention of LiAl_xMn_2−xO₄ (x = 0 and 0.3) spinel materials

et al. 2015

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Microwave irradiation at the pre-and post-annealing steps of the synthesis of LiAl x Mn 2Àx O 4 (x ¼ 0 and 0.3) spinel cathode materials for rechargeable lithium ion batteries is a useful strategy to optimize the average manganese valence number (n Mn ) for enhanced capacity and capacity retention. The strategy impacts on the lattice parameter, average manganese valence, particle size and morphology, reversibility of the deintercalation/intercalation processes, and capacity retention upon continuous cycling. Microwave irradiation is able to shrink the particles for improved crystallinity. The XPS data clearly suggest that microwave irradiation can be used to tune the manganese valence (n Mn ), and that the LiAl x Mn 2Àx O 4 with n Mn z 3.5+ gives the best electrochemical performance. These new findings promise to revolutionize how we use microwave irradiation in the preparation of energy materials and various other materials for energy storage and conversion materials for enhanced performance.

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“…The electrochemical performance, morphological properties, and scaling up of synthesis of LMO notably depend on the synthesis conditions, precursors, and composite agents. LMO has been synthesized by pulsed laser deposition (PLD), 12 microwave‐assisted method, 13 hydrothermal method, 14 solid‐state reaction, 15 combustion method, 16 Pechini method, 17 sol‐gel route, 18 and chemical coprecipitation 19 . The chemical precipitation route provides a facile way to prepare lithium transition metal oxide with homogeneous local mixing as compared to other reaction routes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of lithium manganese oxide nanocomposites using microwave‐assisted chemical precipitation technique and their performance evaluation in lithium‐ion batteries

et al. 2020

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Lithium manganese oxide (LMO), carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) were used to develop nanocomposites using a microwaveassisted chemical precipitation method and characterized using various techniques. The process provides better control over morphological features and proficient choice of cost-effective precursors. This research aims to increase the active surface area and the number of lithium-ion (Li +) intercalation sites using the CNTs and GNPs in LMO to improve its electrochemical performance. The structural analysis shows that the average crystallite size is 50 nm without using any capping agent during the synthesis process, which is smaller when compared to pristine LMO. The electrochemical studies demonstrate that the incorporation of carbon nanostructures (CNTs and GNPs) boosts the rate capabilities and cyclic performance of LMO. The LMO-CNTs and LMO-GNPs have an excellent rate capability of 124 and 127 mAhg −1 at 0.1C, sustained at 115.6 and 118.5 mAhg −1 at 10C, respectively. Cycling efficiency is also improved, with LMO-CNTs and LMO-GNPs having an initial capacity of 124 and 127 mAhg −1 decreasing to 112 and 114 mAhg −1 , respectively, after 50 cycles. Compared to pure LMO, the increased electrochemical performance of LMO nanocomposites is due to the introduction of carbon nanostructures (CNTs and GNPs).

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Grain size control of LiMn2O4 cathode material using microwave synthesis method

Cited by 85 publications

References 11 publications

Optimized 4‐V Spinel Cathode Material with High Energy Density for Li‐Ion Cells Operating at 60 °C

Optimized 4‐V Spinel Cathode Material with High Energy Density for Li‐Ion Cells Operating at 60 °C

Microwave-assisted optimization of the manganese redox states for enhanced capacity and capacity retention of LiAl_xMn_2−xO₄ (x = 0 and 0.3) spinel materials

Synthesis of lithium manganese oxide nanocomposites using microwave‐assisted chemical precipitation technique and their performance evaluation in lithium‐ion batteries

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Grain size control of LiMn2O4 cathode material using microwave synthesis method

Cited by 85 publications

References 11 publications

Optimized 4‐V Spinel Cathode Material with High Energy Density for Li‐Ion Cells Operating at 60 °C

Optimized 4‐V Spinel Cathode Material with High Energy Density for Li‐Ion Cells Operating at 60 °C

Microwave-assisted optimization of the manganese redox states for enhanced capacity and capacity retention of LiAlxMn2−xO4 (x = 0 and 0.3) spinel materials

Synthesis of lithium manganese oxide nanocomposites using microwave‐assisted chemical precipitation technique and their performance evaluation in lithium‐ion batteries

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Microwave-assisted optimization of the manganese redox states for enhanced capacity and capacity retention of LiAl_xMn_2−xO₄ (x = 0 and 0.3) spinel materials