Grain weight responses to post-anthesis spikelet-trimming in an old and a modern wheat under Mediterranean conditions

Cartelle, Julia; Pedró, Anna; Savin, Roxana; Slafer, Gustavo A.

doi:10.1016/j.eja.2006.07.004

Cited by 74 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Although most improvements in spike dry matter at anthesis determining increases in grain number (and yield) were due to improved partitioning to the spikes (Miralles et al 1996(Miralles et al , 1998Siddique et al 1989), it was recently proposed that this could also be achieved by lengthening the stem elongation phase (Miralles and Slafer 2007;Slafer et al 2001). Secondly, it is fairly well established that in most conditions grain growth in bread wheat is still sinklimited during grain filling (Borras et al 2004;Reynolds et al 2007;Slafer and Savin 1994), even in regions characterized by terminal stress such as in the Mediterranean basin (Acreche and Slafer 2006;Cartelle et al 2006). This excess of photosynthetic capacity during postanthesis (Richards 1996;Savin and Slafer 1991) would actually limit canopy photosynthesis to a lower rate than the crop could achieve, and therefore increased biomass could be partly achieved by further improving the number of grains per m 2 : increasing post-anthesis sink strength would concomitantly determine improvements in postanthesis crop growth Miralles and Slafer 1997;Reynolds et al 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Physiological attributes associated with yield and stability in selected lines of a durum wheat population

et al. 2011

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Further increasing yield potential remains one of the main objectives of wheat breeding, even in stressful environments. In general, past genetic gains were associated with increases in harvest index, and future gains should be related to greater biomass. Identifying genetic sources for such improvement may be relevant. Researchers of TRITIMED identified DH lines of durum wheat apparently possessing not only high yield potential but also good yield stability. We aimed to determine physiological attributes responsible for yield and stability among a set of genotypes derived from two parents (Cham 1 and Lahn) and four of the most promising lines of the DH population (2401, 2408, 2410, 2517). Seven field trials were carried out within the Mediterranean agricultural region of the Ebro Valley, under a wide range of conditions (ca 2-10 mg ha -1 ). In four of these experiments, sub-plots were included with source-sink manipulations imposed after anthesis. Cham 1, a cultivar known for high yields in semi-arid conditions, showed the highest yield potential. Although it showed less yield stability than Lahn, even under the lowest yielding conditions its yield was not significantly lower than that of Lahn. RILs 2408, 2410, 2004 and 2517 slightly outyielded Lahn in high-yielding conditions, but under poorer environments they tended to yield less. Interestingly, yield differences were closely related to their biomass rather than harvest index. Thus yield differences relating to the number of grains per m 2 were due to differences in spike dry matter at anthesis, reflecting in part genotypic differences in crop growth from jointing to anthesis. In general grain weight did not respond to spike trimming after anthesis, although in two experiments the grain weight of Cham 1 did so. Thus, even the highest-yielding cultivar possessed grains that overall seemed more limited by its constitutive capacity to grow than by the availability of resources to reach this capacity (though occasionally they may be co-limited). Overall, the most interesting feature was the empirical evidence that improvement of biomass within elite material is a worthwhile objective.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Physiological attributes associated with yield and stability in selected lines of a durum wheat population

et al. 2011

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“…This is in line with the fact that grain growth is frequently sink-limited both in wheat (Jenner, 1979;Savin and Slafer, 1991;Slafer and Savin, 1994;Miralles and Slafer, 1995;Kruk et al, 1997;Borrás et al, 2004;Calderini et al, 2006) and barley (Dreccer et al, 1997;Savin et al, 2006;Bingham et al, 2007). This is seemingly true even in environments characterized by terminal stress (Cartelle et al, 2006;Pedro et al, 2011). In other words, post-flowering source-strength is commonly in excess to meet the demands of growing grains in cereals (Richards, 1996;Bingham et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding grain yield responses to source–sink ratios during grain filling in wheat and barley under contrasting environments

Serrago

Alzueta

Savin

et al. 2013

Field Crops Research

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a b s t r a c tA better understanding of the effects of different source-sink ratio during the grain filling period on grain growth may be relevant in order to further increase cereal grain yield. The main objective of the present work was to determine the effect of different manipulations of the source-sink ratios in wheat and barley grown at four different environmental conditions on responsiveness of sinks (grain growth and yield) and sources (spike photosynthesis and water soluble carbohydrates in the stems). Four treatments were imposed 7 days after anthesis in two contrasting locations with low-and highinputs conditions in wheat (cv. Soissons) and barley (cv. Sunrise): they were a control, a treatment removing all the spikelets from the upper half of the spikes (T S ), and shadings decreasing incident radiation by 75% on the whole canopy (S W ) or only on the leaves (having the top area of the meshes individual holes for each spike to be exposed to solar radiation, S L ). As expected grain yield was closely related to grain number per m 2 . Average grain weight was reduced by shading treatments far more markedly in S w than in S L . Interestingly, significant amounts of water soluble carbohydrates in the stems remained at maturity in S L and S w treatments and spike photosynthesis in S L was consistently higher than in the unshaded controls in both species. These results may be an indication that wheat and barley are not source-limited during grain filling and that only when subjected to an extremely severe stress, grain size would be reduced due to lack of enough assimilates available to fill them.

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“…Model users were provided with phenological observations and yields from each location and for both crop varieties. Total aboveground biomass and average grain weights were also provided for the Spanish site (Cartelle et al 2006, Abeledo et al 2008. As an alternative to the generalised soil type used for the model simulations (clay loam), modellers had the option to use information on the actual soil of the site for calibration.…”

Section: Sowing Date Soil and Calibration Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature and precipitation effects on wheat yield across a European transect: a crop model ensemble analysis using impact response surfaces

Pirttioja¹,

Carter²,

Fronzek³

et al. 2015

Clim. Res.

139

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This study explored the utility of the impact response surface (IRS) approach for investigating model ensemble crop yield responses under a large range of changes in climate. IRSs of spring and winter wheat Triticum aestivum yields were constructed from a 26-member ensemble of process-based crop simulation models for sites in Finland, Germany and Spain across a latitudinal transect. The sensitivity of modelled yield to systematic increments of changes in temperature (-2 to + 9 degrees C) and precipitation (-50 to + 50%) was tested by modifying values of baseline (1981 to 2010) daily weather, with CO2 concentration fixed at 360 ppm. The IRS approach offers an effective method of portraying model behaviour under changing climate as well as advantages for analysing, comparing and presenting results from multi-model ensemble simulations. Though individual model behaviour occasionally departed markedly from the average, ensemble median responses across sites and crop varieties indicated that yields decline with higher temperatures and decreased precipitation and increase with higher precipitation. Across the uncertainty ranges defined for the IRSs, yields were more sensitive to temperature than precipitation changes at the Finnish site while sensitivities were mixed at the German and Spanish sites. Precipitation effects diminished under higher temperature changes. While the bivariate and multi-model characteristics of the analysis impose some limits to interpretation, the IRS approach nonetheless provides additional insights into sensitivities to inter-model and inter-annual variability. Taken together, these sensitivities may help to pinpoint processes such as heat stress, vernalisation or drought effects requiring refinement in future model developmen

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Grain weight responses to post-anthesis spikelet-trimming in an old and a modern wheat under Mediterranean conditions

Cited by 74 publications

References 19 publications

Physiological attributes associated with yield and stability in selected lines of a durum wheat population

Physiological attributes associated with yield and stability in selected lines of a durum wheat population

Understanding grain yield responses to source–sink ratios during grain filling in wheat and barley under contrasting environments

Temperature and precipitation effects on wheat yield across a European transect: a crop model ensemble analysis using impact response surfaces

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