Grain yield of Phaseolus vulgaris in a function of application of boron in soil

Abstract

The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of sources and doses of boron on the physiological quality and production yield of Phaseolus vulgaris grown using a central pivot irrigated system on a tropical climate region. The experiment was a 4x5 factorial design representing four sources of boron (boric acid, borax, borogran and FTE BR 12) and five boron doses (0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 kg ha -1 ), with four replications. The following parameters were measured: relative chlorophyll index, transpiration, CO 2 internal concentration, stomatal conductance, net photosynthesis, B content, grain yield and economic analysis. The relative chlorophyll index (RCI) of plants showed no significant effects at both 28 and 46 days after emergence (DAE). The extraction order of boron was boric acid > borax > FTE BR12 > Borogran. The application of boron did not affect the physiological quality (stomatal conductance, transpiration and internal concentration of CO 2 ). However, the net photosynthetic rate was lower when boric acid was applied in relation to other sources. The maximum production (4,446 kg ha -1 ) was obtained using 1.35 kg ha -1 of B with the use of boric acid. However, according to an evaluation of economic viability, it is observed that there are economic differences among sources of boron and evaluated doses. The application of 4 kg ha -1 of borax provides the highest economic return.

Physiological quality and grain production of Phaseolus vulgaris (cv. BRS Pérola) using boron (B) application under irrigatation system

“…In this way, the chlorophyll readings are a nondestructive and fast method to N determination in plants (Maia et al, 2013). In recent studies developed by Flores et al (2018) no increase was observed in the RCI content as a function of soil B application, like those observed in this work.…”

“…. In recent studies, Flores et al (2018) evaluated the effect of four boron sources. They applied five B rates on the soil in an irrigated system of common bean.…”

Nutritional and morphophysiological responses of soybean to micronutrient fertilization in soil

“…The variations in the effects for the chlorophyll content in the plants of soil fertilization treatments with varied doses of micronutrient (adopting B as reference) revealed that the supply of up to 4.0 kg ha -1 of the micronutrient did not affect the chlorophyll index at 28 and 46 days after emergence (Flores et al 2018a), the fertilization with 4.39 kg ha -1 promoted a higher chlorophyll index at 40 days after germination (Flores et al 2017), while doses up 6.0 kg ha -1 reduced pigment rates in common bean leaves (Flores et al 2018b).…”

“…Investigating such physiological parameters, Warren (2004) observed that the positive response of photosynthesis to nutrient supply was not accompanied by changes in gs and Ci. In the work of Flores et al (2018a), increasing doses of micronutrients (sources with wide-ranging solubilities) applied to the soil also did not affect Ci and gs; however, in different soils, the application of Zn, Cu and B at different levels improved A, gs, total chlorophyll and fruit production (Ilyas et al 2015). It should be noted that in the present study grain yield per plant (MGP) was not affected by treatments (Table 7), a fact similar to that observed by Mallarino et al (2013).…”

“…Recent studies have shown that soil fertilization with micronutrients increases the levels of these elements in cultivated areas (Barbosa et al 2016), revealing that the reach of high soybean yields (between 3,328 and 5,583 kg ha -1 ) is conditioned by the absorption of B, Cu, Mn and Zn in the order of 24.3 to 42.7, 5.3 to 9.4, 57.2 to 113 and 24.5 to 56.8 mg kg -1 of biomass (Urano et al 2007, Enderson et al 2015. In addition, the effects of micronutrient fertilization on the photosynthetic activity of plants have been widely reported (Wang et al 2009, Ilyas et al 2015, Tavallali 2017, Flores et al 2018a).…”