Grain yield, yield components and protein content of organic spelt wheat (Triticum speltaL.) grown in different agro-ecological conditions of northern Serbia

Abstract

Spelt wheat (Triticum spelta L.) is regarded as a crop with high nutritional properties. Cultivar Nirvana was analyzed on nine locations in semiarid conditions of northern Serbia in order to assess the effects of different agroecological conditions on the organic spelt wheat production, grain yield and yield components, as well as the quality of the spelt wheat. The highest dehulled grain yield was obtained in Nadalj organic farm (3.98 t ha-1) on a carbonated chernozem, and the highest protein content in whole grain flour was found in organic spelt wheat from Pančevo (13.94%). Correlation analysis showed significant positive correlations among grain yield, spike length, spike weight, number of grains per spike, 1000-grain weight and harvest index and among plant height, spike length, weight spike, and grain weight per spike. Our study indicated that growing spelt wheat in northern Serbia could result in higher grain yield, but protein content depended on crop management on each location.

Differences in Processing Quality Traits, Protein Content and Composition between Spelt and Bread Wheat Genotypes Grown under Conventional and Organic Production

“…Differences in analyzed traits between the conventional sites in Hungary and Serbia could be due to differences between agronomic practices and previous crops between the two countries ( Table 2 ). The increased protein content may also be associated with the appropriate doses and timing of the N application applied by fertilizers [ 115 ], resulting in higher humus and total nitrogen content in the soil [ 116 ].…”

Rheological behavior of emmer, spelt and khorasan flours

“…On the other hand, the production of the ancient wheat species, such as, diploid einkorn (Triticum monococcum L.), tetraploid emmer (T. dicoccum L.), and hexaploid spelt (T. spelta L.) is suppressed (Geisslitz et al, 2018). In Serbia, spelt is cultivated on the area of 157.9 ha, mostly in the northern region called Vojvodina (120.04 ha) (Vojnov et al, 2020), while emmer and khorasan are produced in a significantly smaller scale compared to spelt. The main reason behind this is low yield (Geisslitz et al, 2018), difficulties related to the processing of grains, as well as inferior technological quality (Arzani & Ashraf, 2017) compared to the common wheat.…”

Articulating Organic Agriculture and Sustainable Development Goals: Serbia Case Study

“…The fact is that many of these sustainable farming systems were firstly being adopted by NGOs, small farmers and, more recently, by large commercial companies. Various studies have confirmed that there is a positive attitude towards the consumption of products that come as a result of sustainable production [48][49][50][51]. Organic farming can contribute to sustainable development by showing the model of production or being the lighthouse for sustainability.…”