Granite beneath the Northern Pennines

Dunham, K. C.; Johnson, G. A. L.; Bott, M. H. P.; Hodge, B. L.

doi:10.1038/190899a0

Cited by 28 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Details of the drilling, casing and stabilizing of the hole are given by Bott et al (1972). The borehole penetrates 390 m of Carboniferous strata (including the Little and Great Whin Sills at 91-93 m, 214-273 m and 418 m of the Weardale Granite (Dunham et al 1961(Dunham et al ,1965. Temperatures were measured in the borehole with maximum and minimum thermometers during drilling and on three occasions after the hole was stabilized; these temperatures, with a value of 7.03 mcal m-'K's-' for the conductivity of the granite gave a value of 2.19 pcal crn-'s-' for the heat flow at Rookhope (Bott et al 1972).…”

Section: R O O K H O P E (Ny 938428)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The size and shape of the anomaly was consistent with the presence of a near surface granite which could also have given rise to the mineralization in the overlying strata. Drilling proved the existence of a granitic body, the Weardale granite, at shallow depth;it also showed that the granite did not intrude the Carboniferous but was overlain by it unconformably (Dunham et al 1961). There could therefore have been no magmatic-stage relationship between the granite and the post-or late-Carboniferous mineralization (Dunham 1948;Dunham et al 1965).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heat refraction and heat production in and around granite plutons in north-east England

England

Oxburgh²,

Richardson

1980

Geophysical Journal International

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The country has both salt springs and hot springs, and the waters flowing from them provide hot baths, in which the people bathe separately according to age and sex. As Saint Basil says: "Water receives heat when it flows over certain metals,and becomes hot, and even scalding".'Bede, A History of the English a u r c h and People, 7 3 1. SummaryExisting surface heat flow determinations in north-east England indicate a difference in thermal structure between the Alston block of the North Pennines and the coastal regions. New heat flow determinations in the Askrigg block and on the coast support the original indications of higher heat flow in the positive blocks, which are underlain by 400 Myr old granites, than in their marginal sedimentary troughs along the present coastline. Although the two blocks are geophysically and geologically similar, surface heat flow in the Alston block is 30mWm-' higher than it is in the Askrigg block 50km to its south. Heat flow refraction around high conductivity plutons with high heat production may significantly affect the interpretation of heat flow measurements made on a regional scale but in the present case its effect, if any, is to emphasize the heat flow difference between the two otherwise similar blocks. The chemical differences between the Wensleydale and the Weardale granitescupolas of the granites underlying the Askrigg and Alston blocks respectivelymay be representative of the granites as a whole and the difference in surface heat flows may result from' a contrast in radiogenic heat production between the two granites extending to mid-crustal depths.

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Section: R O O K H O P E (Ny 938428)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat refraction and heat production in and around granite plutons in north-east England

England

Oxburgh²,

Richardson

1980

Geophysical Journal International

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“…The second geological feature, the Weardale granite in northern England, is not exposed at the surface, but its presence was first indicated by the pattern of mineralization in the overlying sedimentary rocks (Dunham 1934). The granite body was subsequently outlined by geophysical surveys (see Bott 1967 for references) and finally proven by drilling (Dunham, Bott, Johnson and Hodge 1961).…”

Section: Tests Of the Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of the Minimum Density Contrast of a Homogeneous Body as an Aid to the Interpretation of Gravity Anomalies*

Goodacre¹

1980

Geophysical Prospecting

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Goodacre A.K. 1980, Estimation of the Minimum Density Contrast of a Homogenous Body as an Aid to the Interpretation of Gravity Anomalies, Geophysical Prospecting 28, 408–414. The minimum density contrast value for which a homogeneous body will accurately reproduce an observed gravity low can often be used to determine whether the causative body is a low‐density granite batholith or a sedimentary basin. If the minimum density contrast value is large, the anomaly source is probably a sedimentary basin; if it is small, the source may be either a sedimentary basin or a granite batholith. The minimum density contrast method is tested on the Cheshire Basin and the Weardale Granite.

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“…1a and b). The erosional non-conformity that separates the North Pennine batholith and the Carboniferous strata (Dunham et al 1961) rules out any direct genetic link between the NPO mineralization and batholith emplacement. The presence of this low-density granitic core ensured that the Alston Block was underlain by relatively buoyant crust during Early Mississippian rifting, forming a prominent faultbounded structural high (Critchley 1984).…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A revised age, structural model and origin for the North Pennine Orefield in the Alston Block, northern England: intrusion (Whin Sill)-related base metal (Cu–Pb–Zn–F) mineralization

Dempsey

Holdsworth

Selby

et al. 2021

JGS

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Mineralization and associated fluid migration events in the ca 1500 km2 North Pennine Orefield (NPO) are known to be associated with tectonic activity, but the age of these tectonic events and origins of the base metal sulphide mineralization remain unresolved. New fieldwork in the Alston Block shows that mineralization post-dates a weakly developed phase of N-S shortening consistent with far-field Variscan basin inversion during the late Carboniferous. New observations of field relationships, coupled with microstructural observations and stress inversion analyses, together with Re-Os sulphide geochronology show that the vein-hosted mineralization (apart from barium minerals) was synchronous with a phase of N-S extension and E-W shortening coeval with emplacement of the Whin Sill (ca 297-294 Ma). Thus the development of the NPO was related to an early Permian regional phase of transtensional deformation, mantle-sourced hydrothermal mineralization and magmatism in northern Britain. Previously proposed Mississippi Valley Type models, or alternatives relating mineralization to the influx of Mesozoic brines can no longer be applied to the development of the NPO in the Alston Block. Our findings also mean that existing models for equivalent base metal sulphide fields worldwide (e.g. Zn-Pb Districts of Silesia, Poland and Tennessee, USA) may need to be reassessed.

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Granite beneath the Northern Pennines

Cited by 28 publications

References 4 publications

Heat refraction and heat production in and around granite plutons in north-east England

Heat refraction and heat production in and around granite plutons in north-east England

Estimation of the Minimum Density Contrast of a Homogeneous Body as an Aid to the Interpretation of Gravity Anomalies*

A revised age, structural model and origin for the North Pennine Orefield in the Alston Block, northern England: intrusion (Whin Sill)-related base metal (Cu–Pb–Zn–F) mineralization

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