In 1988, the U.S. Administration on Aging reported that for the first time in history, couples had more parents than children to care for. In addition, the report indicated that women would spend 18 years caring for aging parents, as compared to 17 years caring for children. By the year 2040, the older population is expected to more than double, and the number of people age 85 and older will triple, and one half of them are likely to require assistance with one or more activities of daily living. The unprecedented growth of older persons, and in particular the projected increase in the 85-and-older population to 8.5 million by 2030, make it urgent for the nation to aggressively plan and develop caregiving resources. This chapter discusses the background and prevalence of family caregivers, the definition and profile of family caregivers, the legal authority for services to family caregivers, social work roles and practices with family caregivers, support services available to family caregivers, and the next generation of family caregiver resources.