Granular cell differentiation: A review of the published work

Cardis, Michael A.; Ni, Jonathan; Bhawan, Jag

doi:10.1111/1346-8138.13758

Cited by 27 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…5 Cell spindling, necrosis, pleomorphism, prominent nucleoli, and a high mitotic rateare more common in NNGCT than conventional GCT, and locoregional lymph node metastases have been reported 6,7. Despite these features, NNGCT usually exhibits benign biological behavior.The first histopathologic description of NNGCT 1 stressed its propensity to protrude on the skin, with an adnexal collarette at the base, in contrast to conventional GCT, which is usually a non-encapsulated endophytic dermal neoplasm with hyperplasia of the overlying epidermis 8. However, endophytic variants of NNGCT have also been reported and a polypoid architecture is not a diagnostic requisite, as shown by one of the cases presented here.Immunohistochemical studies evidence differences between conventional and non-neural GCT: while the former usually expresses the S-100 protein and other neural markers, such as NGFR-5, NSE, or MBP,8 the latter is consistently negative for S-100.…”

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confidence: 69%

Three additional cases of non‐neural granular cell tumor with novel immunohistochemical findings

et al. 2020

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Background: Non-neural granular cell tumor (NNGCT) is an uncommon neoplasm of controversial histogenesis and its histopathologic differential diagnosis includes, in addition to conventional GCT, other dermal tumors that may exhibit granular cell change. Methods: Three patients with a diagnosis of NNGCT were identified in the authors' files. Hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections and immunohistochemical studies were performed. Results: Histopathological study of the three lesions showed dermal proliferation of granular cells arranged in thick fascicles between collagen bundles. The lesions showed positivity for Factor XIIIa, CD163, CD68, NKIC3, vimentin, ALK, fascin, and cyclin D1. Conclusion: To our knowledge, positivity for cyclin D1 has not been reported to date in NNGCT. In borderline cases, where the diagnosis is unclear despite histopathologic and immunohistochemical findings, positivity for cyclin D1 may favor the diagnosis of NNGCT. Further investigations to assess the differentiation of this rare neoplasm are needed.

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confidence: 69%

Three additional cases of non‐neural granular cell tumor with novel immunohistochemical findings

et al. 2020

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“…Granular cells are a common feature of different lesions of the oral and maxillofacial area (Cardis, Ni, & Bhawan, ), but their nature varies from one pathology to another. In some cases, they respond to a degenerative phenomenon (granular cell ameloblastoma), in others they belong to a hamartomatous lesion (congenital epulis of the newborn) and in others they represent a true neoplastic cell (GCT) (Basile & Woo, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In some cases, they respond to a degenerative phenomenon (granular cell ameloblastoma), in others they belong to a hamartomatous lesion (congenital epulis of the newborn) and in others they represent a true neoplastic cell (GCT) (Basile & Woo, ). All of these cells are positive for NK1‐C3 (non‐specific lysosomal membrane glycoprotein), but only those from the true GCT are S100 (+) (Cardis et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral granular cell tumour: A multicentric study of 56 cases and a systematic review

et al. 2020

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Objective Granular cell tumour (GCT) is a benign neoplasm that originates from Schwann cells. Within the oral cavity, it usually appears as a lingual nodule and especially amongst female adults. Histologically, GCT shows a proliferation of polygonal cells with eosinophilic granular cytoplasm, which can be associated with a pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia (PEH). In this study, we analyse the main clinicopathological data of intraoral GCT and we compare our results with previous studies. Material and Methods We have studied a series of 56 cases of oral GCT in Spain and Brazil, and we have conducted a systematic review in PubMed, Web of Knowledge and Scopus databases, using the keywords: “granular cell tumour” and oral. Results In our series, GCT appeared as an asymptomatic benign tumour that is more frequent in women and in the tongue. PEH was observed in 32% of the lesions. In the review, we collected 282 cases of oral GCT with a similar clinical profile; seven patients had multiple lesions, and 33% of the cases presented PEH. No cases of malignant oral GCT have been described to date. GCT is an uncommon oral benign neoplasm, mainly unique and asymptomatic, derived from Schwann cells. Conclusions Although the etiopathogenesis of this oral tumour is unknown, its characteristics suggest that it could have a reactive nature. Conducting a complete clinicopathological study in all intraoral GCT is fundamental in order to dismiss other entities, including oral carcinoma.

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“…Cytoplasmic granular cell change is not limited to GCT but may be encountered in a wide range of other tumors and tumor‐like conditions showing intracellular accumulation of lysosomes . The differential diagnosis of greatest relevance in the context of desmoplastic GCT is the granular variant of dermatofibroma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Desmoplastic stromal changes in cutaneous neural granular cell tumors: An under‐recognized histopathologic feature of diagnostic and prognostic importance

et al. 2019

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Background: Granular cell tumors (GCTs) are uncommon mucocutaneous and soft tissue neoplasms with distinctive histopathologic appearance but controversial histogenesis. Herein, we report a variant of cutaneous GCT featuring extensive desmoplastic stroma which may result in diagnostic difficulties with mesenchymal proliferations, particularly a dermatofibroma.Methods: Following a recent case of GCT with prominent stromal desmoplasia, we reviewed all cases diagnosed as GCT during the past 10 years accessioned at the dermatopathology unit in a tertiary university hospital.Results: Three additional cases with a similar excessive connective tissue were identified out of a total of 49 GCTs. Cytoplasmic granularity was often subtle and focal, S100 expression was weak, and nuclei had a tendency to show spindling in tumor cells entrapped within the desmoplastic areas. Of note, nuclear spindling is one of the criteria used to diagnose an atypical/malignant GCT. Conclusion:We propose the term "desmoplastic GCT" for these tumors, which not only appropriately addresses the stromal changes but also raises an awareness of GCT being one of the cutaneous tumors which may show stromal desmoplasia. Differential diagnostic difficulties apart, awareness of this phenomenon is important so that desmoplasia and resultant spindling are not linked with potential aggressive behavior. K E Y W O R D Scutaneous neoplasms, desmoplasia, diagnostic criteria, granular cell tumor, prognosis

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Granular cell differentiation: A review of the published work

Cited by 27 publications

References 44 publications

Three additional cases of non‐neural granular cell tumor with novel immunohistochemical findings

Three additional cases of non‐neural granular cell tumor with novel immunohistochemical findings

Oral granular cell tumour: A multicentric study of 56 cases and a systematic review

Desmoplastic stromal changes in cutaneous neural granular cell tumors: An under‐recognized histopathologic feature of diagnostic and prognostic importance

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