Granulates Based on Bio and Industrial Waste and Biochar in a Sustainable Economy

Rostocki, Andrzej; Ünyay, Hilal; Ławińska, Katarzyna; Obraniak, Andrzej

doi:10.3390/en16010056

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…Additionally, various researchers have shown that pelleting can provide effective solutions to various challenges in today's world, aligning with the goals of a sustainable economy. It is also worth noting that pelleting processes use readily available raw materials and additives, such as mineral fillers or water, making the entire operation relatively easy, waste-free, and profitable [17].…”

Section: Economical Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A study conducted by Rostocki et al [17] demonstrated that pelleting through pressure agglomeration is an effective method for processing waste materials generated by various industries. Research has also been carried out on the compaction of various food production wastes for their reuse as solid biofuels [18], animal feed [19], or fertilizers [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of Bakery Waste Addition on Pine Sawdust Pelletization and Pellet Quality

Obidziński,

Szyszlak-Bargłowicz,

Zając

et al. 2024

Energies

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This paper presents research findings on the pelleting process of pine sawdust using bakery waste in a pelletizer. The addition of bakery waste (white wheat–rye bread, whole-grain rye bread, and pumpkin bread) to pine sawdust had a beneficial effect on the kinetic strength of the pellets obtained, an increase of up to approximately three percentage points. The density of pellets with the addition of bakery waste also increased, while the bulk density of the pellets decreased. The addition of bakery waste also had a positive effect on the power demand of the pelletizer. It was reduced from 3.08% (at a 10% addition of white wheat–rye bread) to 22.18% (at a 20% addition of pumpkin bread), compared to the process of compacting pure pine sawdust. In addition, all the pellets containing bakery waste had a lower energy yield (EY) determined based on lower heating value and energy inputs. This index was lower by 53 Wh·kg−1 for pine sawdust pellets with a 10% addition of pumpkin bread. The greatest reduction, on the other hand, was by 173 Wh·kg−1 for pellets, with a 20% addition of white wheat–rye bread. In each case, an increase in the share of bakery additives resulted in a decrease in the energy yield from the pellets obtained. The smallest reduction in EY was found when pumpkin bread was used as an additive (from 53 to 133 Wh·kg−1). Considering all the parameters analyzed characterizing the pellets obtained, it was concluded that the addition of bakery residues to pelletized pine sawdust should not exceed 10%. Further increases in the proportion of bakery waste did not yield relative benefits, due to the deterioration of the energy characteristics of the pellets obtained.

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Section: Economical Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Bakery Waste Addition on Pine Sawdust Pelletization and Pellet Quality

Obidziński,

Szyszlak-Bargłowicz,

Zając

et al. 2024

Energies

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“…The calorific value of the obtained solid fraction increases with the temperature of the process. It is the result of increasing the concentration of carbon in the product [ 35 , 36 , 37 ]. In the first phase of the pyrolysis process, taking place at low temperatures of 250–350 °C, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide are released from the biomass, reducing the oxygen concentration in the biomass, which component in the fuel lowers its calorific value.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyrolysis and Torrefaction—Thermal Treatment of Creosote-Impregnated Railroad Ties as a Method of Utilization

et al. 2023

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A fundamental issue of waste management and the rail transport industry is the problem of utilizing used railroad ties. Wooden railroad ties are treated with a preservative, usually creosote. Due to their high toxicity, railroad ties are considered hazardous waste and must be utilized under various directives. It is proposed to utilize the troublesome waste by using the pyrolysis and torrefaction process. The research proves that the thermal method is effective for disposing of this type of waste. Torrefaction up to 250 °C gives high efficiency of impregnation removal, while pyrolysis up to 400 °C completely neutralizes waste. A series of experiments were conducted for various final pyrolysis temperatures to determine a minimum temperature for which the obtained solid products are free from creosote. Extraction with the use of the Soxhlet technique was performed for the raw materials and the obtained solid products—chars. The oil content for liquid fraction was also examined for each sample. As a result of the thermal treatment of the waste, fuel with combustion parameters better than wood was obtained. For a high final temperature of the process, the calorific value of char is close to that of hard coal.

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“…Therefore, thanks to the use of SHS for torrefaction processes, it is possible to recover by-products and at the same time valuable products, such as, for example, formic acid and acetic acid. This method, thanks to the cessation of the combustion of products and the optimization of obtaining plant, forest and agricultural biomass, leads to a positive impact on the quality of environmental performance 40 . Economic profitability depends on the use of low-temperature waste heat for pre-drying the biomass and the use of steam instead of other gases such as fossil fuels or gases generated during the torrefaction process, the so-called "Torgas" 41 – 44 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Valorization of Spirodela polyrrhiza biomass for the production of biofuels for distributed energy

Romanowska-Duda,

Piotrowski,

Szufa

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Considering the main objectives of a circular economy, Lemnaceae plants have great potential for different types of techniques to valorize their biomass for use in biofuel production. For this reason, scientific interest in this group of plants has increased in recent years. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of salt stress on the growth and development of S. polyrrhiza and the valorization of biomass for biofuel and energy production in a circular economy. Plants were grown in a variety of culture media, including standard 'Z' medium, tap water, 1% digestate from a biogas plant in Piaszczyna (54° 01′ 21″ N, 17° 10′ 19″ E), Poland) and supplemented with different concentrations of NaCl (from 25 to 100 mM). Plants were cultured under phytotron conditions at 24 °C. After 10 days of culture, plant growth, fresh and dry biomass, as well as physio-chemical parameters such as chlorophyll content index, gas exchange parameters (net photosynthesis, transpiration, stomatal conductance and intercellular CO2 concentration), chlorophyll fluorescence measurements were analyzed. After 10 days of the experiment, the percentage starch content of Spirodela shoot segments was determined. S. polyrrhiza was shown to have a high starch storage capacity under certain unfavorable growth conditions, such as salt stress and nutrient deficiency. In the W2 (50 mM NaCl) series, compared to the control (Control2), starch levels were 76% higher in shoots and 30% lower in roots. The analysis of the individual growth and development parameters of S. polyrrhiza plants in the experiment carried out indicates new possibilities for the use of this group of plants in biofuel and bioethanol production.

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Granulates Based on Bio and Industrial Waste and Biochar in a Sustainable Economy

Cited by 9 publications

References 89 publications

The Effect of Bakery Waste Addition on Pine Sawdust Pelletization and Pellet Quality

The Effect of Bakery Waste Addition on Pine Sawdust Pelletization and Pellet Quality

Pyrolysis and Torrefaction—Thermal Treatment of Creosote-Impregnated Railroad Ties as a Method of Utilization

Valorization of Spirodela polyrrhiza biomass for the production of biofuels for distributed energy

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