Granulation tissue morphology of the laparotomic wound with different types of sutures

Abstract

The aim — to study experimentally the granulation tissue morphological features of the laparotomy wound after suturing it by simple knots and continuous wrapping sutures.Materials and methods. The experiment was performed on 108 rats undergoing a median laparotomy. The first group of animals (54 rats) edges of the musculoaponeurotic layer of the anterior abdominal wall were connected by simple sutures and in the second group (54 rats) by continuous wrapping. A sampling of biological material was performed on the 1st, 7th and 14th days after surgery, by excision of the musculoaponeurotic layer of the anterior abdominal wall along with the skin.Results and discussion. On the 1st day of the study, in the first group, lymphoid cells and neutrophils statistically significantly prevailed in the granulation tissue, the difference between their number was statistically insignificant.The second group of animals is likely to have a higher percentage of lymphoid cells only. At the 7th and 14th days of observation, the percentage of fibroblasts in the granulation tissue of animals of both groups probably prevails. On the 1st day after surgery, fibrin is observed in both experimental groups of animals, in the form of a grid, and in the second experimental group, there are still hemorrhages. The morphology of the laparotomy wound granulation tissue for the 14th day of observation does not differ when applying a simple knot and continuous suture, except that the latter is likely to be dominated by the specific volume of collagen fibers.Conclusions. The use of continuous suture, unlike simple knots, on the 14th day after suturing of the laparotomy wound lead to a probable increase in the percentage of fibroblasts, a decrease in macrophages, as well as a predominance of the specific volume of collagen fibers, indicating a relatively rapid maturation of the tissue.