Granulocyte functions and changes in ability with age in newborns; Report no. 2: Activation of granulocyte functions by cytokines

Moriguchi, Naohiko; Yamamoto, Seiichirou; Isokawa, Sadayuki; Andou, Atushi; Miyata, Hiroshi

doi:10.1111/j.1442-200x.2006.02150.x

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…To form a firm adhesion, integrins must bind to counter-receptors of the immunoglobulin superfamily expressed on inflamed endothelial cells, including ICAM-1, ICAM-2, VCAM-1, the mucosal vascular addressin cell adhesion molecule 1 (MAdCAM-1), platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1), and the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) 101,102,103 . Although no age-related differences in basal and stimulated LFA-1 surface expression were found in human neonatal and adult neutrophils 104,105,106,107,108 , Mac-1 expression remains low during the prenatal and postnatal periods and reaches adult levels by 11 months 108,109 . The lower surface expression of Mac-1 on neonatal neutrophils has been directly linked to impaired transendothelial migration under chemotactic stimulation 75,110 (Table 1).…”

Section: Adhesion Moleculesmentioning

confidence: 89%

Inflammatory responses in hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy

2013

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Inflammation plays a critical role in mediating brain injury induced by neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). The mechanisms underlying inflammatory responses to ischemia may be shared by neonatal and adult brains; however, HIE exhibits a unique inflammation phenotype that results from the immaturity of the neonatal immune system. This review will discuss the current knowledge concerning systemic and local inflammatory responses in the acute and subacute stages of HIE. The key components of inflammation, including immune cells, adhesion molecules, cytokines, chemokines and oxidative stress, will be reviewed, and the differences between neonatal and adult inflammatory responses to cerebral ischemic injury will also be discussed.

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Section: Adhesion Moleculesmentioning

confidence: 89%

Inflammatory responses in hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy

2013

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“…This is the first time GM‐CSF has been associated with LPS exposure and hypoxia. Neonatal immune cells produce low amounts of GM‐CSF and GM‐CSF receptor expression is reduced on neonatal immune cells (37). Although plasma IL‐18 is not elevated in babies with NEC (38), neonatal intestine IL‐18 levels increase following E coli LPS exposure and hypoxia (30).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nine infants requiring open bowel surgery for intestinal atresias, and insertion or re-connection of jejuno/ileostomies were recruited. At the time of surgery, the gestational age of individual infants was 26,27,27,29,33,35,37,39, and 40 weeks, respectively. Up to 1 cm of normally discarded stoma bowel and/or full thickness bowel was resected from the reanastomosis site.…”

Section: Subjects and Bowel Tissuementioning

confidence: 99%

Gangliosides Protect Bowel in an Infant Model of Necrotizing Enterocolitis by Suppressing Proinflammatory Signals

Schnabl¹,

Larsen

Aerde

et al. 2009

J. pediatr. gastroenterol. nutr.

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“…This cell membrane receptor first appears on neonatal neutrophils around 21 weeks of fetal development ( 38 , 95 ), and its concentration on the neutrophil cell surface increases in an age-dependent manner ( 38 , 93 ). Although L-selectin shedding improves with fetal maturation, overall quantity and ease of release remains far below that of adult levels at term gestation, with substantial deficits noted in neonates <30 weeks of GA ( 8 , 38 , 93 , 96 ).…”

Section: Functional Differences Of Neonatal Neutrophilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-Appropriate Functions and Dysfunctions of the Neonatal Neutrophil

2017

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Neonatal and adult neutrophils are distinctly different from one another due to well-defined and documented deficiencies in neonatal cells, including impaired functions, reduced concentrations of microbicidal proteins and enzymes necessary for pathogen destruction, and variances in cell surface receptors. Neutrophil maturation is clearly demonstrated throughout pregnancy from the earliest hematopoietic precursors in the yolk sac to the well-developed myeloid progenitor cells in the bone marrow around the seventh month of gestation. Notable deficiencies of neonatal neutrophils are generally correlated with gestational age and clinical condition, so that the least functional neutrophils are found in the youngest, sickest neonates. Interruption of normal gestation secondary to preterm birth exposes these shortcomings and places the neonate at an exceptionally high rate of infection and sepsis-related mortality. Because the fetus develops in a sterile environment, neonatal adaptive immune responses are deficient from lack of antigen exposure in utero. Newborns must therefore rely on innate immunity to protect against early infection. Neutrophils are a vital component of innate immunity since they are the first cells to respond to and defend against bacterial, viral, and fungal infections. However, notable phenotypic and functional disparities exist between neonatal and adult cells. Below is review of neutrophil ontogeny, as well as a discussion regarding known differences between preterm and term neonatal and adult neutrophils with respect to cell membrane receptors and functions. Our analysis will also explain how these variations decrease with postnatal age.

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Granulocyte functions and changes in ability with age in newborns; Report no. 2: Activation of granulocyte functions by cytokines

Abstract: Granulocytes during early infancy exhibit low reactivity to inflammatory cytokines, and this was considered to be one of the factors contributing to the higher incidence of serious bacterial infections in infants.

Cited by 6 publications

References 22 publications

Inflammatory responses in hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy

Inflammatory responses in hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy

Gangliosides Protect Bowel in an Infant Model of Necrotizing Enterocolitis by Suppressing Proinflammatory Signals

Age-Appropriate Functions and Dysfunctions of the Neonatal Neutrophil

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