Granuloma annulare

Muhlbauer, Jan E.

doi:10.1016/s0190-9622(80)80181-2

Cited by 191 publications

(131 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…The lesions of classical GA consist of localized, small, firm, asymptomatic papules that are flesh-colored or pale red, and they are grouped in a ring-like or circinate fashion. The unusual variants of GA include generalized, perforating, patch and subcutaneous GA 1 . These various types of GA share similar pathological findings 2 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and Pathological Features of Generalized Granuloma Annulare with Their Correlation: A Retrospective Multicenter Study in Korea

et al. 2009

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Background: Generalized granuloma annulare (GGA) is a benign skin disorder of an unknown etiology. Though some cases of GGA have been reported, few systemic reviews of the clinical and pathological features of GGA have been performed. Objective: The purpose of this study is to analyze and correlate the clinical and pathological characteristics of GGA in Korean patients. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study that included 54 biopsy specimens of Korean GGA patients, and the clinical and pathological features of GGA were reviewed and analyzed for their correlation. Results: The cutaneous lesions could be divided into the annular (24, 44%) and nonannular types (30, 56%), and the lesions were more common in males than in females (29 males and 25 females). The incidence of GGA showed a bimodal age distribution. The number of patients who presented within the first decade was 24 cases (44%), and 24 cases (44%) were over the fifth decade. Eight patients (15%) had systemic diseases. Especially, diabetes mellitus (DM) occurred only in the adult GGA patients over forty years old. The pathological findings showed dermal granulomatous lesions that consisted of either a palisading pattern (28, 52%) or an interstitial pattern (26, 48%). Conclusion: In contrast to the previously reported studies, the age of GGA onset showed a bimodal distribution, and GGA was observed more often in males. The prevalence of DM in the GGA affected individuals was higher than that found in the general Korean population. Therefore, it is recommended to perform a work-up for DM in the GGA affected patients who are over forty years old. (Ann Dermatol 21(2) 113∼119, 2009)

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and Pathological Features of Generalized Granuloma Annulare with Their Correlation: A Retrospective Multicenter Study in Korea

et al. 2009

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“…Some authors have considered a subtype of granuloma annulare (GA), the subcutaneous variety, to be identical to BRN, while others believe that GA and BRN can be differentiated on the basis of histology and special staining techniques (22). In view of this controversy, and in light of the fact that a computerized Medline search from 1969 to the present failed to produce a single report of GA associated with synovitis, wle have not considered GA in the cases of BRN previously described.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic arthritis following benign rheumatoid nodules of childhood

Rush

Bernstein

Smith

et al. 1985

Arthritis & Rheumatism

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“…5,9 The average age of onset varies by clinical subtype. 10,11 Historically, GA has been reported to be associated with diabetes. In a study of 557 patients with GA, Muhlemann and Williams found that 24 (4%) had diabetes.…”

Section: Association With Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The lesions may resolve spontaneously or persist for years. 11,18 Generalised GA most commonly affects middle-aged or elderly patients (80% of cases), but 20% of patients present before the age of 10. It accounts for about 15% (2.8-25%) of cases of GA. 5,6,9,10 Clinically, generalised GA appears as multiple annular plaques or multiple symmetrically distributed papules on the arms, neck, upper trunk and less often the legs (Figures 3 and 4).…”

Section: Clinical Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Necrobiosis lipoidica and granuloma annulare: Part 2- Granuloma annulare

George

Walton

2015

Br J Diabetes

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Granuloma annulare is a benign, self-limiting condition that occurs in 4% of patients with diabetes. It is usually asymptomatic; various clinical subtypes have been described, including localised, generalised, subcutaneous and perforating. The aetiology and pathogenesis is unknown, although several theories have been proposed. Numerous therapeutic strategies are documented in the literature, however, while treatment may be requested for cosmetically disfiguring or pruritic lesions, an explanation of the condition is often all that is necessary. Br J Diabetes 2016;16:58-61

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Granuloma annulare

Cited by 191 publications

References 90 publications

Clinical and Pathological Features of Generalized Granuloma Annulare with Their Correlation: A Retrospective Multicenter Study in Korea

Clinical and Pathological Features of Generalized Granuloma Annulare with Their Correlation: A Retrospective Multicenter Study in Korea

Chronic arthritis following benign rheumatoid nodules of childhood

Necrobiosis lipoidica and granuloma annulare: Part 2- Granuloma annulare

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