Granuloma annulare after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination: A case report and a literature review

Russo, Daniela; Accarino, Rossella; Varricchio, Silvia; Franca, Raduan Ahmed; Potestio, Luca; Patruno, Cataldo; Napolitano, Maddalena; Mascolo, Massimo

doi:10.1016/j.prp.2022.154300

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…In all the above cases testing of skin biopsy specimens revealed a similar pattern of immunohistochemistry-based cytoplasmic staining in the GA histiocytes with the viral spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 though similar results were also seen in negative control specimens of patients diagnosed with GA in 2019 -before the pandemic-which could be explained by lack of specificity against SARS-CoV spike and SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins with the stains used [3,[9][10][11]. Given the unavailability of specific immunohistochemical stains along with the fruitless efforts to detect the genome of the virus in skin lesions, the association of GA either to SARS-CoV-2 infection or to the vaccination in the aforementioned reports has been suggested taking into account the time correlation with the relevant event, along with the titer of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 having been measured in some of the cases [8,11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…Taken together, it seems that the occurrence of GA lesions reported after SARS-CoV-2 infection as well as after vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 might be associated with an immune reaction triggered by such stimuli rather than with the direct role of the virus on the skin. This hypothesis is also reinforced by the description of GA in patients having undergone other vaccinations, mainly Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) [11]. Moreover, GA skin profile shows activation of T-helper cell type 1, T-helper cell type 2 and Janus kinase pathways favoring the notion that immune mechanisms drive the pathophysiological background of the disease [11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…This hypothesis is also reinforced by the description of GA in patients having undergone other vaccinations, mainly Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) [11]. Moreover, GA skin profile shows activation of T-helper cell type 1, T-helper cell type 2 and Janus kinase pathways favoring the notion that immune mechanisms drive the pathophysiological background of the disease [11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…There have also been only a few reports of GA attributed to recent SARS-CoV-2 infection, mainly localized and subcutaneous forms [1,3,4,[6][7][8][9]. There have also been reports of localized and generalized forms of GA having occurred after COVID -19 vaccine [10,11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Post COVID - 19 Infection Diffuse Patch Granuloma Annulare in a Female Patient with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Case Report

Gravani

2023

JDR

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Introduction: Granuloma Annulare (GA) is a benign, usually self-limited, inflammatory granulomatous skin disorder of unknown etiology and with a diversity of clinical variants. Genetic factors, associations with predisposing diseases along with several triggers such as certain infections and vaccines, have been described, SARS-CoV-2 virus being one of them. Case Presentation: Localized, generalized and subcutaneous forms of GA have been reported following either SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination against the virus. Herein we present a case of diffuse patch GA in a middle-aged female patient with medical history of rheumatoid arthritis, one month after catching COVID -19 despite being fully vaccinated against the virus. Discussion: Overall, taking into account the relevant literature, the occurrence of GA after infection with SARS-CoV-2 as well as after vaccination seems to be attributed to the activation of an immunologic reaction rather than to the direct effect of the virus on the skin lesions, with the latest also appearing in the form of diffuse patch rashes. Conclusion: Dermatologists should be aware of such lesions appearing after COVID-19 infection or even vaccination especially in patients with autoimmune diseases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Post COVID - 19 Infection Diffuse Patch Granuloma Annulare in a Female Patient with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Case Report

Gravani

2023

JDR

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“…Some cases have been associated with insect bites, sun exposure, trauma, certain infections, and vaccinations [ 5 ]. Vaccination-associated GA due to BCG, pneumococcal, hepatitis B vaccines, influence, tetanus, and diphtheria have been reported in the literature, but their exact pathogenesis remains unknown [ 5 , 6 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dermal Granuloma Annulare After SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination: A Rare Complication

Tahir,

Bodies,

Shalin

et al. 2024

Cureus

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Granuloma annulare (GA) is an inflammatory granulomatous skin disease of unknown etiology that is self-limiting in nature. However, it is hypothesized that trauma, medications, malignancy, viral infections, different vaccines, and hypersensitivity reactions can trigger the formation of GA. Only three cases of post-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination-related GA have been reported so far. Here, we report the fourth documented case of post-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination-related generalized GA.

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Complications After Exosome Treatment for Aesthetic Skin Rejuvenation

2024

Dermatological Reviews

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BackgroundExosomes have gained significant attention in aesthetic dermatology for their potential in skin rejuvenation. Despite numerous studies investigating the use of exosomes in aesthetic applications, no adverse events have been reported thus far. This case series presents patients with noticeable adverse effects following the application of exosomes to the skin for aesthetic purposes in South Korea.MethodsA consortium of concerned aesthetic dermatologists from South Korea provided a case series of patients who developed complications after receiving exosome treatments for skin rejuvenation. The case series included eight female patients, ranging in age from 26 to 52 years old, who developed delayed‐onset granulomatous lesions at the treatment sites.ResultsAll patients in the case series developed erythematous, indurated papules or nodules at the sites of exosome injections, with onset ranging from 2 weeks to 3 months posttreatment. Histopathological examination of biopsied lesions revealed necrotizing granulomas not related to mycobacterial infections. The patients' response to topical and oral steroids, as well as other treatments, varied.ConclusionAlthough exosome‐based therapies hold great promise in aesthetic dermatology, this case series highlights the potential for delayed‐onset granulomatous complications following exosome treatments for skin rejuvenation. Standardized protocols for exosome isolation and purification, as well as rigorous safety and efficacy standards, are needed to ensure the successful implementation of exosome‐based products in clinical settings.

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Granuloma annulare after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination: A case report and a literature review

Cited by 6 publications

References 29 publications

Post COVID - 19 Infection Diffuse Patch Granuloma Annulare in a Female Patient with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Case Report

Post COVID - 19 Infection Diffuse Patch Granuloma Annulare in a Female Patient with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Case Report

Dermal Granuloma Annulare After SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination: A Rare Complication

Complications After Exosome Treatment for Aesthetic Skin Rejuvenation

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