Granuloma Central De Células Gigantes Em Pacientes Odontológicos Pediátricos

Abstract

Central Giant Cell Granuloma (GCCG) is a non-neoplastic intraosseous lesion, formed by fibrous tissue, immature bone trabeculae and aggregates of multinucleated giant cells. The study carried out in the literature review aims to examine the epidemiology of GCCG in children, its probable etiology and associated risk factors. Furthermore, specific clinical and radiographic manifestations found in pediatric patients are discussed, highlighting the importance of accurate differential diagnosis with other bone injuries. The relevance of diagnostic methods, including clinical, radiographic and histopathological examinations, in the effective identification and management of GCCG in children is also discussed. Available therapeutic options, from conservative treatment to surgical interventions, are reviewed in terms of efficacy and recurrence. The study showed that an in-depth understanding of central giant cell granuloma in pediatric patients is essential for effective management of this bone lesion, as despite its generally benign and slow-growing nature, the diagnosis can be complicated due to overlap with other bone pathologies. Early detection and appropriate treatment, which typically includes curettage or excision, are essential for a positive prognosis. These methods can be associated with other strategies, such as corticosteroids, interferon, calcitonin and Imatinib, depending on the seriousness of the situation. Finally, gaps are explored in the literature and areas for future research, with the aim of improving the understanding and clinical management of this condition in pediatric patients. This includes the need for more studies on the long-term effects of treatments and consideration of the particularities of child development. These investigations are essential to improve clinical outcomes and quality of life for affected children.