Granuloma Gluteale Infantum: A Case Report

Abstract

Granuloma gluteale infantum is a benign disorder with the clinical appearance of "granulomatous" nodules involving the diaper area. It is an uncommon disorder considered a complication of primary irritant diaper dermatitis. A 6-month-old boy with reddish-purple oval nodules located on the right inguinal fold and right buttock diagnosed as granuloma gluteale infantum is presented. A contributing factor in our patient could be a primary irritant dermatitis or a preexisting candidial infection. The name granuloma gluteale infantum is a misnomer since no granulomas are found in these lesions.

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“…Granuloma gluteale infantum is a benign condition of granulomatous-appearing nodules in the diaper region classically seen in infants between 2 and 9 months of age. [3][4][5][6][20][21][22] Generally the lesions are preceded by a dermatitis in the diaper area, but there does not appear to be a correlation between the severity of the pre-existing dermatitis and the development of lesions. 4 Similar lesions have also been described in the diaper regions of adults who are incontinent.…”

“…8,9 Lesions are similar to those seen in infants, typically being firm, reddishpurple, oval, or elongated nodules and plaques in the pubic area, scrotum, buttocks, and medial aspects of the thighs. 3,5,20 Granuloma gluteale has a somewhat nonspecific histology. There is a dense dermal mixed inflammatory infiltrate of neutrophils, lymphocytes, plasma cells, and eosinophils.…”

“…The term ''granuloma'' is a misnomer as granulomatous inflammation is not seen histologically. 3,5 Multiple causes of granuloma gluteale infantum have been proposed. The prevailing view, however, is that this condition is the result of a primary irritant diaper dermatitis.…”

“…[1][2][3] Granuloma gluteale is a diaper-related irritant dermatitis seen in infants that may be multifactorial in origin. Occlusion, powder, topical halogenated steroids, Candida infection, urine, and feces are all postulated to contribute to the eruption.…”

“…Occlusion, powder, topical halogenated steroids, Candida infection, urine, and feces are all postulated to contribute to the eruption. [3][4][5][6][7] Classically, the lesions appear as oval, red-purple, granulomatous nodules in areas of occlusion. Similar lesions may also be seen in adults.…”