Granulomatous Mastitis: A Rare Cause of Male Breast Lump

Manasra, Abdel Rahman Al; Al-Hurani, Mohammad

doi:10.1159/000448990

Cited by 31 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The disease usually occurs around 2 years after breastfeeding at a median age of 30 years [6]. Only 2 reports of male GM [7,8] and a few reports of women developing GM during pregnancy or lactation exist [9,10]. …”

Section: Prevalence and Etiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…]In a Japanese case series, isolated C. kroppenstedii was found in 6 of 19 cases of GM [23]. Some authors define the finding of C. kroppenstedii within GM lesions as indicative of a subgroup of the disease named ‘cystic neutrophilic granulomatous mastitis' because of its histopathologic presentation of granulomatous and neutrophilic inflammation with cystic spaces or vacuoles [7]. …”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Granulomatous Mastitis: A Therapeutic and Diagnostic Challenge

et al. 2018

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Granulomatous mastitis (GM) is a rare benign inflammatory breast disease that affects mostly women of childbearing age with a history of breastfeeding. The etiopathogenesis is still unknown; however, inflammation as the result of a reaction to trauma, metabolic or hormonal processes, autoimmunity, and an infection with Corynebacterium kroppenstedtii have all been implicated. Clinical findings are pain, mass, hyperemia, and inflammation. Because the clinical presentation can mimic infectious mastitis or inflammatory carcinoma, the disease course is often protracted. The diagnosis is made by histopathology. Biopsies show a granulomatous formation in combination with a localized infiltration of multi-nucleated giant cells, epithelioid histiocytes, and plasma cells. Ultrasound, mammography, and magnetic resonance imaging are not specific; however, ultrasound and mammography should be done to exclude other pathologies. Due to the lack of data including randomized controlled studies, the management of GM is controversial. In Western industrialized countries, most authors use a therapy regimen starting with antibiotics and corticosteroids, followed by continuous steroid therapy and surgery in patients with persisting symptoms. More data are needed to define the best therapy. The role of immunotherapy has not yet been ascertained. The implementation of a registry to collect more information on this rare disease is highly recommended.

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Section: Prevalence and Etiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Granulomatous Mastitis: A Therapeutic and Diagnostic Challenge

et al. 2018

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“…The patient is recurrencefree at 18-month follow-up. Discussion IGM is a rare benign inflammatory breast disease, usually seen in females of reproductive age, with around 200 cases being reported in the literature so far (2,4). Beyond clinical examination and imaging, establishing a diagnosis can be challenging for a surgeon and requires a high index of suspicion with exclusion of infective and autoimmune breast diseases, as most patients are initially misdiagnosed by their primary care physicians, leading to diagnostic confusion and heightened anxiety (1,5).…”

Section: Case Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Benign lesions of the breast are extremely uncommon in male patients. Only 2 cases of IGM in male patients have been previously described in the literature (1)(2)(3). Because of its uncommon etiology and rareness, diagnosis and treatment is still a challenge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is idiopathic granulomatous mastitis a surgical disease? The jury is still out

Moris¹,

Damaskos²,

Davakis³

et al. 2017

Ann. Transl. Med.

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Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM), is a rare entity of chronic inflammatory disorder of the breast of unknown etiology. Very few cases have been described so far, almost exclusively in women. Here we describe a case of IGM in a 53-year-old man presented with a right breast mass, progressively enlarging during the last 6 months. Due to the findings of clinical examination and CT-scan, the suspicion for a potentially malignant lesion was given and the decision for surgical resection was made. Microscopic analysis of the specimen showed non-caseating granulomas around mammary lobules, findings compatible with IGM.The patient is recurrence-free at 18-month follow-up. IGM is a rare benign inflammatory breast disease, usually seen in females of reproductive age. Establishing a diagnosis can be challenging for a surgeon and requires a high index of suspicion as most patients are initially misdiagnosed by their primary care physicians.Steroids and immunosuppressive drugs are considered as fundamental treatment modalities but they are correlated with increased rates of disease response and recurrence. On the contrary, surgical resection demonstrated significantly superior results compared to steroid-alone treatment in terms of recurrence and post-treatment recovery.

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“…As IGLM affects mainly the mammary lobule, IGLM in male patients is extremely rare, and only two cases have been reported so far as a case report and brief report (8,9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Idiopathic Granulomatous Lobular Mastitis in a Male Breast: A Case Report

2018

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Idiopathic granulomatous lobular mastitis (IGLM) that mimics breast cancer both clinically and radiologically is a chronic inflammatory condition of the breast without a known etiology. It usually affects childbearing women and is associated with pregnancy, lactation, or use of oral contraceptives. IGLM in a male breast is extremely rare, and only two case reports have been published. A 60-year-old man was referred to our hospital for right breast mass. He had right breast pain with a small palpable lump for 2 weeks. Ultrasonography (US) was performed with color Doppler US and US elastography. The lesion was diagnosed as IGLM pathologically by 14 gauge core needle biopsy. We describe a very rare case of IGLM arising from a male breast based on ultrasonographic and pathologic findings. IGLM should be considered as a differential diagnosis in male breast diseases, although the imaging findings may not be comparable with typical IGLM.

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Granulomatous Mastitis: A Rare Cause of Male Breast Lump

Cited by 31 publications

References 12 publications

Granulomatous Mastitis: A Therapeutic and Diagnostic Challenge

Granulomatous Mastitis: A Therapeutic and Diagnostic Challenge

Is idiopathic granulomatous mastitis a surgical disease? The jury is still out

Idiopathic Granulomatous Lobular Mastitis in a Male Breast: A Case Report

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