Granulomatous orchitis: case report and review of the literature

Liu, Liang; Jiajia, Wang; Li, Shoubin; Yufeng, Qi; Gang, Wang; Junjiang, Liu

doi:10.1177/03000605211003773

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Xanthogranulomatous inflammation (XGI), initially described in 1987 by Wiener LB et al, is a rare non-neoplastic condition characterized by non-specific inflammation. This condition primarily affects men aged 50 to 70 years old, with an incidence of 0.6% to 1.4% [1][2][3][4]. It is most commonly found in the kidneys and gallbladder, but it can also infect the liver, appendix, ovaries, vagina, bones, and bladder.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Xanthogranulomatous Orchitis Combined with Contralateral Acute Pyogenic Orchitis: A Rare Case Report

Dai,

Meng,

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Xanthogranulomatous orchitis is a chronic, non-neoplastic inflammation that is quite rare. In this paper, we discuss the case of a 79-year-old male patient who presented with bilateral scrotum swelling and dysuria that persisted for two weeks. Despite two weeks of anti-infection treatment, the patient's symptoms persisted, leading to a decision to perform transurethral prostate resection and bilateral orchiectomy after careful consideration. After the surgery, the postoperative pathology indicated that the patient had xanthogranulomatous orchitis on the left side and acute positive orchitis with hemorrhage on the right side. Fortunately, three months after the procedure, the patient experienced no negative events and was pleased with the postoperative results.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Xanthogranulomatous Orchitis Combined with Contralateral Acute Pyogenic Orchitis: A Rare Case Report

Dai,

Meng,

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…The incidence of granulomatous orchitis is low. 11 Tuberculous epididymo-orchitis (TEO) is one of the most common genitourinary TB manifestations. 12 Isolated instances of tuberculous epididymo-orchitis with bilateral involvement and AFB positivity is a rare manifestation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12 Orchidectomy can decrease discomfort, edema, and other symptoms in the patient while also preventing disease in the remaining testis. 11 Causes for non tubercular granulomatous epididymo-orchitis includes sarcoidosis, leprosy and actinomycosis and other non-specific causes includes N. Gonorrhoea and Chlamydia trachomatis. 10 Epididymitis can occur secondary to testicular torsion along with mild orchitis, as we have reported in one of our cases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interesting case series on distinct histopathological findings of six cases of epididymo-orchitis

Jaju¹,

Sangeetha

Garg³

et al. 2023

PJMS

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Several clinicopathological illnesses impact the testis and paratesticular area, which are divided into non-neoplastic and neoplastic diseases. Despite the availability of imaging and tumor marker testing, histopathological examination is the primary method for diagnosing testicular lesions. Common indications of orchidectomy for non-neoplastic lesions are cryptorchidism, epididymitis and testicular torsion. Few non- neoplastic lesions present as mimickers of neoplasm with commonest being granulomatous orchitis and AFB positivity detected only in 2.1% of cases with bilateral presentation being rarest. We report here a series of six cases of epididymo-orchitis to discuss the histopathological spectrum with varied etiologies. Age of the patients ranged between 33-65yr old males. Amongst six cases, two of them were clinically and radiologically suspected as neoplastic lesions, which were histopathologically diagnosed as granulomatous epididymo-orchitis with one among it showing strong positivity for AFB, and two cases as testicular torsion with orchitis and one of the case was diagnosed as cryptorchid testis with foci of atypical germ cell and last case was reported as mild non-specific orchitis, for surgical castration. In this study, we also noted unilateral presentation being the commonest, specifically of Right side. Knowledge of histopathological spectrum of epididymo-orchitis is of prime importance to detect underlying specific etiology for targeted therapy and prevent undue orchidectomy.In this study, two cases which were clinically suspected as neoplastic lesions, were confirmed as granulomatous epididymo-orchitis on histopathological examination with one case showing strong AFB positivity.In this study, we noted late presentation (5th decade) of cryptorchidism with some atypical germ cells which are forerunner of malignancy.

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“…Infection causes and lymphoma should be excluded first. Tuberculosis of the genitourinary system accounts for only 2 to 4% of tuberculosis cases, but the incidence has been increasing worldwide recently; therefore, it should also be considered [ 6 ]. The ultrasound examination can easily exclude hernia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sarcoidosis of the spermatic cord – case report and literature review

Ostrowska

Świniarski

Ostrowski

et al. 2022

Basic Clin. Androl.

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Background Sarcoidosis is a multi-system disease characterized by the formation of non-caseating granulomas in various organs. The lungs remain the most frequently affected organ, whereas lesions in the genitourinary system affect around 0.2% of patients. The primary site found in the spermatic cord is extremely rare. Case presentation We present a patient’s case where the spermatic cord involvement was the first manifestation of sarcoidosis. For several months, a number of tests had been performed, which showed, among others, non-caseating granulomas in pathomorphological material, bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy, and leukopenia with lymphopenia. Tumor markers were normal. Infection with urogenital pathogens (including Chlamydia Trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhea, Mycoplasma hominis) was excluded. The patient did not report any general symptoms such as fever, excessive fatigue, weight loss. He denied swelling, shortness of breath. At the same time, a complete differential diagnosis was carried out, and the extent of the disease was assessed. Due to interdisciplinary management, the patient’s quality of life and fertility is preserved. In the discussion, we present the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of such patients. Conclusion Sarcoidosis is a multi-system disease, which should not be omitted in the differential diagnosis. Selective excision of the lesion with intraoperative examination plays a significant role while establishing a diagnosis. However, in the primary site in the genitourinary system, the diagnosis is challenging.

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Granulomatous orchitis: case report and review of the literature

Cited by 6 publications

References 18 publications

Xanthogranulomatous Orchitis Combined with Contralateral Acute Pyogenic Orchitis: A Rare Case Report

Xanthogranulomatous Orchitis Combined with Contralateral Acute Pyogenic Orchitis: A Rare Case Report

Interesting case series on distinct histopathological findings of six cases of epididymo-orchitis

Sarcoidosis of the spermatic cord – case report and literature review

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