Grape Juice as a Bait forAnastrepha suspensa(Diptera: Tephritidae) andZaprionus indianus(Diptera: Drosophilidae)

Abstract

In field tests conducted in south Florida to test grape juice as a bait for the Caribbean fruit fly, Anastrepha suspensa Loew, high numbers of Zaprionus indianus Gupta were captured in traps with aqueous grape juice. These experiments included comparisons of grape juice bait with established A. suspensa protein-based baits (ammonium acetate + putrescine lures, or torula yeast) or wine, a bait found previously to be attractive to Z. indianus. Effects of different preservatives (polypropylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, proxel, or sodium tetraborate) and bait age were also tested. Traps with grape juice baits captured more A. suspensa than unbaited traps, but more were captured in traps with grape juice plus preservative baits and the highest numbers were captured in traps containing the established protein-based baits. In contrast, grape juice baits without preservative that were prepared on the day of deployment (0 d) or that were aged for 3-4 d in the laboratory captured the highest numbers of Z. indianus, while solutions that were aged in the laboratory for 6 or 9 d captured fewer. Although these studies found that aqueous grape juice is a poor bait for A. suspensa, we found that actively fermenting aqueous grape juice may be an effective bait for Z. indianus.

Synergistic and additive interactions among components of food‐based baits underlie female fruit fly attraction

“…Previously, Anastrepha ludens (Loew) (Mangan & Thomas, 2014) and Anastrepha suspensa (Loew) (Epsky et al, 2015) responded positively to grape juice in traps. However, in both these studies, grape juice was found not to be superior to protein baits (e.g., torula yeast hydrolysate), as reported with A. fraterculus (da Rosa et al, 2017), A. suspensa (Epsky et al, 2015), and A. ludens , Anastrepha obliqua (Macquart), and Anastrepha serpentina (Wiedemann) (Herrera et al, 2016). In the present study, the addition of ammonium acetate enhanced the response to grape juice of female B. cucurbitae and B. dorsalis , but not of C. capitata .…”

Evaluation of Food Lures for Capture and Monitoring of Anastrepha fraterculus (Diptera: Tephritidae) on Temperate Fruit Trees

“…Mangan and Thomas (2014) stated that grape juice starts the fermentation process quickly, generating an unpleasant smell. To avoid that, Epsky et al (2015) suggest the addition of preservatives, which can also change the conditions of lures and, thus, influence the production of volatile compounds and the attractiveness of the formulations to insects (Castrej on-G omez et al 2004, Epsky et al 2015. A third possible factor is competition of odors inside orchards, between the fruits and the lures, mainly during the stage of fruit maturation (Cornelius et al 2000, L opez-Guillén et al 2010, and Jahnke et al 2014).…”

Electroantennogram response and attraction of Anastrepha suspensa to volatiles of various sugar sources and aged sugar solutions

“…In the case of Anastrepha spp., efforts to develop better attractants have mainly explored fly responses to volatiles of host and non-host fruit odors (Robacker et al, 1990;Robacker & Heath, 1996;Malo et al, 2005;Cruz-L opez et al, 2006;Gonz alez et al, 2006;Massa et al, 2008;Epsky et al, 2015;Herrera et al, 2015), or products of protein hydrolysis as ammonia Robacker & Warfield, 1993;Heath et al, 1995Heath et al, , 1997R ıos et al, 2005;Mart ınez et al, 2007) and fermented sugar sources (Crawford, 1927;McPhail, 1939). As a result of these efforts, commercial formulations of protein-based synthetic lures were developed (Heath et al, 1995;Thomas et al, 2001).…”