Grape-seed derived procyanidins interfere with adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 cells at the onset of differentiation

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Our group's previous results on the effects of a grape seed procyanidin extract (GSPE) on adipose metabolism showed that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-g (PPARg) plays a central role in the lipolytic effects of GSPE on adipocytes. Since PPARg2 is a main regulator of the differentiation process of adipocytes, we investigated whether GSPE affects the adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 cells. DESIGN: We performed a time point screening by treating 3T3-L1 cells with GSPE during the differentiation process for 24 h. MEASUREMENTS: Differentiation markers and differential gene expression due to GSPE treatment (using the microarray technique). RESULTS: Twenty four hour-GSPE treatment at the onset of differentiation reduces adipose-specific markers and maintains the expression of preadipocyte marker preadipocyte factor-1 (Pref-1) significantly elevated. These effects were not found in other time points. Microarray analysis of gene expression after GSPE treatment at the early stage of differentiation showed a modified gene expression profile in which cell cycle and growth-related genes were downregulated by GSPE. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that GSPE affects adipogenesis, mainly at the induction of differentiation, and that procyanidins may have a new role in which they impede the formation of adipose cells.

Differential effects of grape-seed derived procyanidins on adipocyte differentiation markers in different in vivo situations

“…Procyanidins (oligomeric forms of catechins) are the most abundant polyphenols in red wine, apple and chocolate. Previous studies by our group showed that grape seed derived procyanidins (GSPE) limit adipocyte formation by altering the gene expression profile during in vitro adipocyte differentiation [1]. GSPE also decreased the mRNA levels of PPARc2 and HSL on fully differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes [2].…”

“…Quantitative RT-PCR Changes in the mRNA expression of selected adipocyte markers (PPARc2, HSL, C/EBPa and Pref-1) [1] were analysed by quantitative PCR. Briefly, 1 mg of total RNA was reverse transcribed by the SuperScript II Rnase H_Reverse Transcriptase (LifeTechnologies).…”

Effects of Collagen-Derived Oligopeptide Prolylhydroxyproline on Differentiation of Mouse 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes

“…Amino acids L-proline (Pro) and L-Hyp were purchased from Wako Chemicals, Osaka, Japan. 200 ng/mL Pro-Hyp (the Pro-Hyp group) or a mixture of Pro and Hyp (200 ng/mL each; the Pro/Hyp group) was added to the medium every 2 days according to the method of Pinent et al (2005) and Kim sisting of 15 sec at 95℃ and 1 min at 60℃. The Ct value obtained by amplification of each target was compared among the samples after normalization using GAPDH expression levels.…”

“…These studies suggest that Pro-Hyp is one of the physiologically active oligopeptides derived from ingested CP. 3T3-L1 is a mouse preadipocyte line cell frequently used for studies on the differentiation of preadipocytes in vitro, since they differentiate and mature to produce triacylglycerides upon stimulation with insulin, dexamethasone and isobutylmethylxanthine (Pinent et al, 2005). In this study, we investigated the effects of Pro-Hyp on differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells in vitro in order to examine whether a digested product of ingested CP modulates the functions of adipocytes.…”

Chronic quercetin exposure affects fatty acid catabolism in rat lung

“…For example, they are strong antioxidants [2,3], inhibit tumor formation [4], improve endothelial function [5,6] and affect energy metabolism [7]. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms explaining the beneficial effects of flavonoids observed in vivo, several studies have employed a systems biology approach with transcriptomics and proteomics techniques, using cell culture systems [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. However, these in vitro studies may have generated misleading findings due to the non-physiological exposure conditions mostly used.…”