Grape-seed polyphenols inhibit AAA in mice via regulation of macrophage polarization

Abstract

AIM: Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is characterized by macrophage polarization, and at present, no drug therapy is available. Although grape-seed polyphenols (GSP) showed an anti-AAA effect, the role of GSP in the phenotype shift in macrophages remains unknown. METHOD: The main phenolic compounds in GSP were determined by LC-MS. Male C57BL/6 mice were divided into four equal groups, namely sham group, CaPO 4 group, CaPO 4 +GSP low-dose group, and CaPO 4 +GSP high-dose group. GSP was administered intragastrically after CaPO 4 application. Molecular expressions were histologically evaluated and analyzed by various staining assays and FACS. RESULTS: GSP administration inhibited CaPO 4-induced AAA formation, which correlated with a decrease in macrophage infi ltration and retainment of vascular smooth muscle layer as compared to those in the CaPO 4 group. FACS assay showed that the GSP administration dose-dependently decreased the CD54 expression (low-dose group: 11.4 ± 2.1 % and high-dose group: 4.8 ± 1.4 % vs 23.2 ± 3.6 %; p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively) and increased the CD206 expression of F4/80-positive cells in GSP-administered groups as compared with that in CaPO 4-injured aortas in the CaPO 4 group (low-dose group: 22.4 ± 3.3 % and highdose group: 26.7 ± 4.2 % vs 8.1 ± 1.3 %; p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively).

Eugenol restrains abdominal aortic aneurysm progression with down‐regulations on NF‐κB and COX‐2

“…Then, it is reasonable to screen new compounds other than marketed drugs. Some experimental studies suggest the potential benefits of a number of compounds in preventing or reducing the progression of AAA (Ma et al, 2020). Our group has reported the therapeutic efficiency of salvianolic acid A (Zhang et al, 2014) and salvianolic acid C (Wu et al, 2016) against AAA formation in apolipoprotein E‐deficient mice.…”