Graphdiyne (GDY) has been considered as an appealing
electrode
material for electrochemical sensing because of its alkyne-rich structure
and high degrees of π-conjugation, which shows great affinity
to heavy metal ions and pollutant molecules via d−π and
π–π interactions. However, the low surface area
and poor conductivity of bulk GDY limit its electrochemical performance.
Herein, a two-dimensional ultrathin GDY/graphene (GDY/G) nanostructure
was synthesized and used as an electrode material for electrochemical
sensing. Graphene plays the role of an epitaxy template for few-layered
GDY growth and conductive layers. The formed few-layered GDY with
a high surface area possesses abundant affinity sites toward heavy
metal ions (Cd2+, Pb2+) and toxic molecules,
for example, nitrobenzene and 4-nitrophenol, via d−π
and π–π interactions, respectively. Moreover, hemin
as a key part of the enzyme catalytic motif was immobilized on GDY/G
via π–π interactions. The artificial enzyme mimic
hemin/GDY/G-modified electrode exhibited promising ascorbic acid and
uric acid detection performance with excellent sensitivity and selectivity,
a good linear range, and reproducibility. More importantly, real sample
detection and the feasibility of this electrochemical sensor as a
wearable biosensor were demonstrated.