Graphene: A Cathode Material of Choice for Aluminum‐Ion Batteries

Abstract

The pairing of an aluminum anode with a cathode of high energy and power density determines the future of aluminum-ion battery technology. The question is-"Is there any suitable cathode material which is capable of storing sufficiently large amount of trivalent aluminum-ions at relatively higher operating potential?". Graphene emerges to be a fitting answer. Graphene emerged in the research arena of aluminum-ion battery merely three years ago. However, research progress in this front has since been tremendous. Outperforming all other known cathode materials, several remarkable breakthroughs have been made with graphene, in offering extraordinary energy density, power density, cycle life, thermal stability, safety and flexibility. The future of the Al-graphene couple is indeed bright. This Minireview highlights the electrochemical performances, advantages and challenges of using graphene as the cathode in aluminum-ion batteries in conjugation with chloroaluminate based electrolytes. Additionally, the complex mechanism of charge storage in graphene is also elaborated.

Strategies towards Low‐Cost Dual‐Ion Batteries with High Performance

“…It is noteworthy that, the electrolyte, as a part of the active materials in DIBs, plays a more significant role than in rocking‐chair LIBs. Generally, it is a prerequisite that electrolytes in DIBs have excellent anodic stability to facilitate intercalation of anions .…”

“…Ionic liquid electrolytes are of interest because of their unique merits, such as low flammability, a wide electrochemical window, and more importantly, not undergoing solvent decomposition or co-intercalation of solvents into cathodes. [36] Placke et al [23] developed DIBs based on anion intercalation into graphite cathode from an ionic liquid electrolyte, and performed the detailed studies on the intercalation mechanism of TFSI À anion in the graphite cathode. [25, 39a] As expected, the staging phenomenon was observed during the anion intercalation, which was affected by the operating temperature and cutoff potential.…”

Strategien für kostengünstige und leistungsstarke Dual‐Ionen‐Batterien

“…Zum Beispiel sind sie wenig entflammbar und sie haben als Elektrolyt ein breites elektrochemisches Fenster. Vor allem aber zersetzen sie sich nicht und die Miteinlagerung des Lösungsmittels in die Kathode ist kein Problem . Placke et al .…”

“…Vor allem aber zersetzen sie sich nicht und die Miteinlagerung des Lçsungsmittels in die Kathode ist kein Problem. [36] Placke et al [23] entwickelte eine DIB, bei der TFSI À -Anionen aus einem ionischen Flüssigelektrolyt in eine Graphitkathode interkalieren und führten detaillierte Studien zum Einlagerungsmechanismus durch. [25, 39a] [41c] untersuchten das Interkalationsverhalten von TFSI À -Anionen in Graphit durch In-situ-Raman-Spektroskopie genauer.…”

“…Dies deutete auf eine schnellere Reaktionskinetik hin. In DIBs ist der Elektrolyt Teil der aktiven Masse [36] und spielt daher eine bedeutendere Rolle als in den Rocking-Chair-LIBs. DIB-Elektrolyte müssen allgemein eine ausgezeichnete anodische Stabilität aufweisen, um die Einlagerung von Anionen zu ermçglichen.…”