Graphene and g-C3N4-Based Gas Sensors

Abstract

The efficient monitoring of the environment is currently gaining a continuous growing interest in view of finding solutions for the global pollution issues and their associated climate change. In this sense, two-dimensional (2D) materials appear as one of highly attractive routes for the development of efficient sensing devices due, in particular, to the interesting blend of their superlative properties. For instance, graphene (Gr) and graphitic carbon nitride g-C3N4 (g-CN) have specifically attracted great attention in several domains of sensing applications owing to their excellent electronic and physical-chemical properties. Despite the high potential they offer in the development and fabrication of high-performance gas-sensing devices, an exhaustive comparison between Gr and g-CN is not well established yet regarding their electronic properties and their sensing performances such as sensitivity and selectivity. Hence, this work aims at providing a state-of-the-art overview of the latest experimental advances in the fabrication, characterization, development, and implementation of these 2D materials in gas-sensing applications. Then, the reported results are compared to our numerical simulations using density functional theory carried out on the interactions of Gr and g-CN with some selected hazardous gases’ molecules such as NO2, CO2, and HF. Our findings conform with the superior performances of the g-CN regarding HF detection, while both g-CN and Gr show comparable detection performances for the remaining considered gases. This allows suggesting an outlook regarding the future use of these 2D materials as high-performance gas sensors.

Synthesis and Characterization Graphene- Carbon Nitride Nanostructure in One Step

“…The g − C 3 N 4 can be used in the removal and dissolution of many organic pollutants [45][46][47], also used to remove 𝐶𝑂 2 gas from the air [48]. Recently, the g − C 3 N 4 is used to generate hydrogen and oxygen from water according to the following potentials and equations (1-2-3) [49]:…”

Strategic report on MEMS based carbon monoxide sensor technology for environmental air quality monitoring using unmanned aerial vehicle

“…The researchers studied about the characteristics of different materials such as MOx, polymers, 2D nano materials including mxene for the optimised design of gas sensor [117]. Characteristics of graphitic carbon nitride and graphene were analysed for the design of MEMS based gas sensor, the researchers suggesting the 2D materials for the fabrication of MEMS gas sensor in order to get good sensitivity and selectivity with other optimized characteristics of the sensors [118].…”

In Situ Local Band Engineering of Monolayer Graphene Using Triboelectric Plasma

“…[7][8][9][10][11][12][13] The physical method retains the sp 2 hybrid C─C bond in the hexagonal lattice, allowing for static doping, such as p or n-type doping. [14,15] Chemistry methods involve the addition of functional groups, defects, element doping, and chemical adsorption. [16][17][18][19] The chemical methods modify the graphene lattice structure and open its bandgap.…”