Graphene and its derivatives for Analytical Lab on Chip platforms

Abstract

a b s t r a c tSince last decade, graphene has materialized itself as one of the phenomenal materials to modern researchers because of its remarkable thermal, optical, electronic, and mechanical properties. Graphene holds enormous potentials for lab on chip (LOC) devices and can provide diverse fabrication routes and structural features due to their special electronic and electrochemical properties. A LOC device can manipulate fluids using microchannels and chamber structures, to accomplish fast, highly sensitive and inexpensive analysis with high yield. Hence, the graphene based LOC devices can constitute a wellcontrolled microenvironment for both advanced chemical/biological evaluation and low-cost point-ofcare analysis etc. This review critically debates the graphene as a prime candidate for microfluidic devices and their future applicability towards various practical applications. Finally, the opportunities and challenges for the future of graphene with respect to their commercial challenges and sustainability perspectives are discussed.

Graphene based sensors

“…Several implantable devices have also been reported for the real time measurement of glucose levels in diabetic patient, respiration rate, heart rate, body temperature, electrocardiogram signals, etc. [57] using graphene and its derivatives as well as analytical lab on chip platforms [58] , [59] , [60] .

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Optical technologies for the detection of viruses like COVID-19: Progress and prospects

“…However, the semiconductor defects are a matter of concern in FET biosensors ( Menon et al, 2020 ). The synthesis of high-quality graphene with identical parameters is difficult, and any variation in the parameters may alter the sensor's response characteristics ( Sengupta et al, 2020 ). The use of electrochemical biosensors provides the benefits of lower sample volume requirement, cost-effective detection, and translational potential to develop miniaturized point of care devices, but also suffers from the lower shelf life and its sensitivity to sample matrix ( Menon et al, 2020 ).…”

Graphene-based field-effect transistor biosensors for the rapid detection and analysis of viruses: A perspective in view of COVID-19

“… [36] with a detection limit of 26 PFU/mL. Moreover, graphene is widely used for building analytical lab-on-chip platforms [37] . Sing et al.…”