Graphene–anthocyanin mixture as photosensitizer for dye-sensitized solar cell

Adsorption Properties and Potential Applications of Bamboo Charcoal: A Review

“…The introduction of disorder and dopant at the surface would enhance visible and infrared absorption [13]. Several initiatives using carbonaceous materials such as graphene [15], carbon nanotubes [16] and hybrid graphene-carbon nanotubes [17] have been performed in order to increase device efficiency due to their good conductivity and high effective surface area. These materials can help the electron excitation and enhance the light harvest efficiency of the photoanode and working electrode when hybridizing this material with TiO 2 .…”

Graphene as Sensitizer

“…Study on the combination of graphene and a dye as photosensitizer for DSSC was carried out by Esteban and Enriquez [14]. DSSCs with TiO 2 and an anthocyanin/graphene volume ratio of 1 : 2 achieved an efficiency of ∼0.436% and a short-circuit current J sc of 1.47 mA cm −2 .…”

“…Graphene provides better conducting pathways for the photogenerated electrons, thus increasing the current and decreasing the resistance. It was also observed that a longer electron lifetime could be achieved in the presence of graphene, suppressing unwanted electron recombination [14].…”

“…A graphene photoanode can generate extra photocurrent without any energetic or structural changes in the semiconductor [13]. The performance of the natural dye anthocyanin greatly improves with the addition of graphene (up to 2.4 times) [14]. Irrespective of whether graphene is added to TiO 2 by forming a film composite or by coadsorption with the dye onto the TiO 2 photoanode as a constituent of the dye mixture, an increase in efficiency has been obtained.…”

Synthesis and characterization of Allium cepa L. as photosensitizer of dye-sensitized solar cell

“…Some natural color pigments which are extracted of various plants such as jaboticaba [8], red sicilian orange and purple eggplant fruits [14], Canna indica L., Salvia splendens, cowberry and Solanum nigrum L. [15], leaves and mulberry fruit [16], Monascus Yellow [17], rhododendron, herba artemisiae scopariae, mangosteen pericarp, and coffee [18], Delonix regia [6], Hibiscus, chlorophyl [19], walnuts, rhubarb, and pomegranate [20], punica granatum, rose [21], Ixora flower (Ixora sp. (Rubiaceae) and the outer dark purple skin of 'Kembayau' (Canarium odontophyllum) fruit [12], Oryza nivara, Brassica oleracea L. [22], Canarium odontophyllum [10], Vitis vinifera, red cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata f.rubra) [2], Welch grape juice [23], gardenia yellow (Gardenia jasminoides) and cochineal (Dactylopius coccus) [7], spinach (Spinacia oleracea), red radish (Raphanus sativus L), winter jasmine (Jasminum nudiflorum), and black rice (Oryza sativa L. indica) [24], have been used as sensitisizers in DSSCs.…”