Graphene based nanomaterials for strain sensor application—a review

Mehmood, Ahsan; Mubarak, Nabisab Mujawar; Khalid, Mohammad; Walvekar, Rashmi; Abdullah, Ezzat Chan; Siddiqui, M.T.H.; Baloch, Humair Ahmed; Nizamuddin, Sabzoi; Mazari, Shaukat Ali

doi:10.1016/j.jece.2020.103743

Cited by 178 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 217 publications

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“…Most significantly, the tremendous attention it gathered among technological and scientific communities due to superior mechanical and electrical properties and high frequency which go up to THz 9 . Graphene is a material of immense strength with young’s modulus of 1100 Gpa, the fracture strength of 125 GPa, specific surface area of 2630 m 2 /g, the thermal conductivity of 5000 W/mK, the thickness of 0.345 nm, excellent transport phenomena, zero bandgaps, and mobility charge carrier of 250,000 cm 2 /V 2 s 10 . Among other extraordinary features of graphene, strong π-π stacking, and forces of attraction such as van der Waals among planar basal planes of graphene layers that allow them to aggregate, which results in an ability to develop a controllable self-assembled structure 11 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Graphene/PVA buckypaper for strain sensing application

Mehmood

Mubarak

Khalid

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Strain sensors in the form of buckypaper (BP) infiltrated with various polymers are considered a viable option for strain sensor applications such as structural health monitoring and human motion detection. Graphene has outstanding properties in terms of strength, heat and current conduction, optics, and many more. However, graphene in the form of BP has not been considered earlier for strain sensing applications. In this work, graphene-based BP infiltrated with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was synthesized by vacuum filtration technique and polymer intercalation. First, Graphene oxide (GO) was prepared via treatment with sulphuric acid and nitric acid. Whereas, to obtain high-quality BP, GO was sonicated in ethanol for 20 min with sonication intensity of 60%. FTIR studies confirmed the oxygenated groups on the surface of GO while the dispersion characteristics were validated using zeta potential analysis. The nanocomposite was synthesized by varying BP and PVA concentrations. Mechanical and electrical properties were measured using a computerized tensile testing machine, two probe method, and hall effect, respectively. The electrical conducting properties of the nanocomposites decreased with increasing PVA content; likewise, electron mobility also decreased while electrical resistance increased. The optimization study reports the highest mechanical properties such as tensile strength, Young’s Modulus, and elongation at break of 200.55 MPa, 6.59 GPa, and 6.79%, respectively. Finally, electrochemical testing in a strain range of ε ~ 4% also testifies superior strain sensing properties of 60 wt% graphene BP/PVA with a demonstration of repeatability, accuracy, and preciseness for five loading and unloading cycles with a gauge factor of 1.33. Thus, results prove the usefulness of the nanocomposite for commercial and industrial applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This unique characteristic of graphene has profound implications and thus gives the lead to the era of ultra-sensitive strain sensors. Thus graphene is described as a "miracle material" has demonstrated its sheer potential for the synthesis of graphene-based strain sensors 10 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Graphene/PVA buckypaper for strain sensing application

Mehmood

Mubarak

Khalid

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…However, there are still some disadvantages associated with PEDOT: PSS including its acidic nature and high stocking of insulating PSS. Similarly, different kinds of nanomaterials [ 30 , 31 ] have been considered to develop the electrodes of the flexible sensors. The characteristics of nanomaterials that are analyzed before choosing them for synthesis purposes are high electrical conductivity, mechanical flexibility, optical transparency, and the ability to form high interfacial bonding with the polymers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes-Based Sensors for Strain Sensing Applications

Nag

Alahi

Mukhopadhyay

et al. 2021

Sensors

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The use of multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)-based sensors for strain–strain applications is showcased in this paper. Extensive use of MWCNTs has been done for the fabrication and implementation of flexible sensors due to their enhanced electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties. These nanotubes have been deployed both in pure and composite forms for obtaining highly efficient sensors in terms of sensitivity, robustness, and longevity. Among the wide range of applications that MWCNTs have been exploited for, strain-sensing has been one of the most popular ones due to the high mechanical flexibility of these carbon allotropes. The MWCNT-based sensors have been able to deduce a broad spectrum of macro- and micro-scaled tensions through structural changes. This paper highlights some of the well-approved conjugations of MWCNTs with different kinds of polymers and other conductive nanomaterials to form the electrodes of the strain sensors. It also underlines some of the measures that can be taken in the future to improve the quality of these MWCNT-based sensors for strain-related applications.

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“…Graphene has been a highly regarded material since 2004 when coworkers Konstantin Novoselov and Andre Geim employed a simple mechanical exfoliation technique to obtain single-layered graphene [1]. Graphene's high modulus of elasticity [2], thermal conductivity [3], and electron mobility [4] have enabled its use in various applications including high-end composite materials [2,5,6], sensors [7][8][9], electronics [10,11], and energy storage devices [12][13][14]. Additionally, its optical transmittance [15,16] and high surface area [17] make graphene an ideal material for energy collection devices [18,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Near-UV light assisted green reduction of graphene oxide films through l-ascorbic acid

Regis

Vargas

Irigoyen

et al. 2021

International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials

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Recent studies have highlighted the effects of various stimuli on the chemical reduction of graphene oxide (GO) through green reductant L-ascorbic acid (L-AA); however, the combination of near ultraviolet (NUV) light to increase the reduction rate has yet to be thoroughly explored. In this study, drop-casted GO films were subjected to chemical reduction through L-AA with various levels of exposure under 405 nm NUV radiation. The structure and uniformity of GO stackings that form the film were characterized through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and wide-angle x-ray scattering (WAXS). Additionally, WAXS was used to track the removal of oxygencontaining functional groups along with Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) as a function of L-AA and NUV light exposure times. XPS results demonstrated that the interaction between L-AA and NUV exposure has a significant effect on the reduction of films. Furthermore, the results that yielded the highest reduction (C-C bond concentration of 60.7%) were the longest L-AA and NUV light exposure times (48 hours and 3 hours, respectively). This report provides a study on the effects of NUV on the green reduction of GO films through L-AA with potential application in solar energy and chemical sensing applications.

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Graphene based nanomaterials for strain sensor application—a review

Cited by 178 publications

References 217 publications

Graphene/PVA buckypaper for strain sensing application

Graphene/PVA buckypaper for strain sensing application

Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes-Based Sensors for Strain Sensing Applications

Near-UV light assisted green reduction of graphene oxide films through l-ascorbic acid

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