Graphene-containing plasma: a medium for the coherent extreme ultraviolet light generation

Abstract

We demonstrate the high order harmonic generation of femtosecond pulses in the laser ablation plume con taining the graphene nanoparticles. The harmonics up to the 33rd order were observed. The presence of graphene nanoparticles in the laser plasma was confirmed during the analysis of ablation debris. The compar ative studies of harmonic generation from the ablation of graphene, carbon nanotubes, and diamond nano particles showed the advanced properties of the latter medium.

Graphene in strong laser field: experiment and theory

“…The first experimental evidence of harmonic generation in this medium has been reported elsewhere [15] by using the ablation technique for graphene-containing plasma formation with further propagation of the ultrashort pulses through the preformed plasma medium. In the meantime, the interaction of the plasma components with the laser fields is rather complex and the content of the emitting particles is not welldetermined; thus, a theoretical approach that might give a quick qualitative hint regarding the expected results is needed.…”

“…In the meantime, the nonlinear optical properties of another clustered species, graphene, have been at the centre of various theoretical and experimental studies over the last few years [9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. Particularly, the HHG from a graphene sheet exposed to intense femtosecond laser pulses has been calculated elsewhere [12] based on the three-step model of HHG.…”

Large Angular Momentum States in a Graphene Film

“…Graphene is the strongest known material [17] and endowed with a quite a large charge mobility [18]: because of these and other properties, it is one of the most promising materials for applicative research in Medicine, Chemistry, Informatics and Physics. Among the many applications, we mention the use in efficient solar cells [19], which could help the increasing demand for electrical energy with a quite low environmental impact, and as a frequency multiplier of laser light in the well-known high harmonic generation [20][21][22]. Considering graphene, most interesting is the finding that, by suitable manipulation, it is possible to obtain, from the basic honeycomb structure, different systems possessing different dimensionality.…”

Classical chaos and harmonic generation in laser driven nanorings

“…Experiments and theoretical calculations indicate that fullerene molecules such as C 60 and nanotubes can emit harmonics under different light polarization conditions [11,[19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33]. Recently, HHG in graphene and quantum rings have started to gain attention from both theoretical and experimental points of view [33][34][35][36][37]. This is a rapid growth area for which we refer to a recent review [8].…”