Graphene films irradiated with safe low-power NIR-emitting diodes kill multidrug resistant bacteria

Henriques, Patrícia C.; Pereira, Andreia; Bogas, Diana; Fernandes, José R.; Pinto, Artur M.; Magalhães, Fernão D.; Gonçalves, Inês C.

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2021.04.085

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…In PDT, a photosensitizer generates reactiveoxygen species (ROS) upon irradiation [1]. Due to the strong NIR absorption, graphene oxide (GO) has been explored as a photosensitizer agent [2]. Besides, the outstanding and unique mechanical, optical, electrical, thermal, chemical and biological properties of GO make it suitable for a wide range of biomedical applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retracted Article: Study and development of an optical waveguide cap for biomedical application

Ferreira

Monteiro²,

Henriques³

et al. 2022

EPJ Web Conf.

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In this study, a light-activated cap was developed, envisaging a biomedical application. The cap was composed of an optical source that illuminates an optical waveguide coated with graphene oxide (GO). Interaction of the light with GO boosts its properties through photothermal and photodynamic effects. A laser diode and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) filaments were explored as optical source and optical waveguide, respectively. The deposition of GO on the surface of the filaments was performed by dip-coating method. The optical and thermal properties of the cap, composed of the laser coupled to the PMMA optical waveguide, were evaluated using an IR viewer and a thermal camera. Herein, the obtained experimental results are reported.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retracted Article: Study and development of an optical waveguide cap for biomedical application

Ferreira

Monteiro²,

Henriques³

et al. 2022

EPJ Web Conf.

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“…Chitosan, N 3 -chitosan, and Dhvar5-chitosan ultrathin coatings were further analyzed by XPS. This is a useful tool to track surface modification for both organic (e.g., graphene [ 43 , 44 ]) and inorganic (e.g., gold [ 14 ] or titanium [ 13 ]) substrates, as it powerfully analyses a wide area, compared to other surface characterization techniques (i.e., Auger electron spectroscopy and secondary ion mass spectroscopy), and provides sensitive chemical composition within 10 nm for all elements, except H and He [ 45 ]. The XPS survey of unmodified chitosan and N 3 -chitosan ultrathin coatings showed the presence of residual gold, likely due to some heterogeneity in surface thickness (<10 nm), which leads to the detection of the gold substrate beneath the polymer.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Immobilization Strategies on the Antibacterial Properties of Antimicrobial Peptide-Chitosan Coatings

et al. 2023

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It is key to fight bacterial adhesion to prevent biofilm establishment on biomaterials. Surface immobilization of antimicrobial peptides (AMP) is a promising strategy to avoid bacterial colonization. This work aimed to investigate whether the direct surface immobilization of Dhvar5, an AMP with head-to-tail amphipathicity, would improve the antimicrobial activity of chitosan ultrathin coatings. The peptide was grafted by copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) chemistry by either its C- or N- terminus to assess the influence of peptide orientation on surface properties and antimicrobial activity. These features were compared with those of coatings fabricated using previously described Dhvar5-chitosan conjugates (immobilized in bulk). The peptide was chemoselectively immobilized onto the coating by both termini. Moreover, the covalent immobilization of Dhvar5 by either terminus enhanced the antimicrobial effect of the chitosan coating by decreasing colonization by both Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria. Relevantly, the antimicrobial performance of the surface on Gram-positive bacteria depended on how Dhvar5-chitosan coatings were produced. An antiadhesive effect was observed when the peptide was grafted onto prefabricated chitosan coatings (film), and a bactericidal effect was exhibited when coatings were prepared from Dhvar5-chitosan conjugates (bulk). This antiadhesive effect was not due to changes in surface wettability or protein adsorption but rather depended on variations in peptide concentration, exposure, and surface roughness. Results reported in this study show that the antibacterial potency and effect of immobilized AMP vary greatly with the immobilization procedure. Overall, independently of the fabrication protocol and mechanism of action, Dhvar5-chitosan coatings are a promising strategy for the development of antimicrobial medical devices, either as an antiadhesive or contact-killing surface.

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“…However, this nanomaterial is hydrophobic and therefore difficult to disperse in aqueous media, which is a drawback for its application in the biological field . Its derivatives, on the other hand, commonly referred to as GBM, have been extensively studied for biomedical applications, such as in cancer phototherapy and drug delivery. ,,− Graphene oxide (GO) resembles graphene but contains oxygen groups, for example, hydroxyls and carboxyls. , The presence of these groups reduces thermal stability and optical absorption properties but favors dispersibility in polar solvents . Due to its hydrophilic nature, GO is dispersible in aqueous media and exhibits low cytotoxicity. , Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) is a GO derivative with a reduced content of oxygen, and a higher carbon-to-oxygen (C/O) atomic ratio as a result of chemical, thermal, or electrochemical reduction .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmaceutical Formulations Containing Graphene and 5-Fluorouracil for Light-Emitting Diode-Based Photochemotherapy of Skin Cancer

Amaral,

Silva,

Costa-Almeida

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is the most common cancer worldwide, among which 80% is basal cell carcinoma (BCC). Current therapies' low efficacy, side effects, and high recurrence highlight the need for alternative treatments. In this work, a partially reduced nanographene oxide (p-rGOn) developed in our laboratory was used. It has been achieved through a controlled reduction of nanographene oxide via UV−C irradiation that yields small nanometric particles (below 200 nm) that preserve the original water stability while acquiring high lightto-heat conversion efficiency. The latter is explained by a loss of carbon−oxygen single bonds (C−O) and the re-establishment of sp 2 carbon bonds. p-rGOn was incorporated into a Carbopol hydrogel together with the anticancer drug 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) to evaluate a possible combined PTT and chemotherapeutic effect. Carbopol/p-rGOn/5-FU hydrogels were considered noncytotoxic toward normal skin cells (HFF-1). However, when A-431 skin cancer cells were exposed to NIR irradiation for 30 min in the presence of Carbopol/p-rGOn/5-FU hydrogels, almost complete eradication was achieved after 72 h, with a 90% reduction in cell number and 80% cell death of the remaining cells after a single treatment. NIR irradiation was performed with a light-emitting diode (LED) system, developed in our laboratory, which allows adjustment of applied light doses to achieve a safe and selective treatment, instead of the standard laser systems that are associated with damages in the healthy tissues in the tumor surroundings. Those are the first graphene-based materials containing pharmaceutical formulations developed for BCC phototherapy.

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Graphene films irradiated with safe low-power NIR-emitting diodes kill multidrug resistant bacteria

Cited by 12 publications

References 65 publications

Retracted Article: Study and development of an optical waveguide cap for biomedical application

Retracted Article: Study and development of an optical waveguide cap for biomedical application

Influence of Immobilization Strategies on the Antibacterial Properties of Antimicrobial Peptide-Chitosan Coatings

Pharmaceutical Formulations Containing Graphene and 5-Fluorouracil for Light-Emitting Diode-Based Photochemotherapy of Skin Cancer

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