Graphene/Glycerin Solution-Based Multifunctional Stretchable Strain Sensor with Ultra-High Stretchability, Stability, and Sensitivity

Abstract

Highly stretchable, flexible, and sensitive strain sensors have promising applications in motion detection—especially multifunctional strain sensors that can detect stretching, bending, compression and twisting. Herein, this study presents a graphene and glycerol solution-based multifunctional sensor with ultra-high stretchability and sensitivity. Owing to the self-lubrication and fluidity of the graphene-glycerol solution, the strain sensors display super stretchability up to 1000%, a maximum gauge factor up to 45.13, and excellent durability for over 10,000 cycles. In addition, the sensor can also rapidly respond to small strains (1%, 5%, 10%) and different stretching rates (12.5%/s, 25%/s, 50%/s, and 100%/s). More impressively, the sensors can measure up to 50 kPa pressure and 180° twisting without any damage. Furthermore, the strain sensors demonstrate their applicability in scenarios involving motion detection, such as that for finger bending, wrist rotating, touching, and drinking water.

Liquid Polymer/Metallic Salt-Based Stretchable Strain Sensor to Evaluate Fruit Growth

“…It is thought that the compatibility of these two elastomers is due to their common curing process including the platinum catalyst. Regarding the connection between liquids and outer electronic components, a silver paste was used in some other papers. ,, However, when silver paste hardens, it becomes rigid and fragile to external deformation. In our sensor, simple vertical insertion of thin metal wires through the structure allowed us to eliminate silver paste from the scenario and to effectively fix electric wires, which can be connected to the measurement system.…”

“…Thus, researchers have proposed liquid-state strain sensors that could potentially replace traditional solid-state strain sensors. A variety of liquid-state strain sensors have been suggested using liquid metals, ionic liquids, and liquid/conductive nanoparticle composites. − Given that the ionic liquid-based strain sensors are often realized with less viscous solutions such as water, low stability and abrupt resistance changes would be the limitations. Even though conductive nanoparticles such as graphene are well known for excellent electrical conductivity, their molecular behavior in liquids might differ from that in solids because of ions playing a dominant role in generating electric current in liquids .…”

An effectively enhanced vapor phase hybridized conductive polymer based on graphene oxide and glycerol influence for strain sensor applications

“…This sensing mechanism was also observed in some previous studies. [40][41][42][43] Meanwhile, the TPU-GPS-3GLY (Fig. 9b) graphene oxide strain sensor showed a promising result after 20 000 cycles.…”

Highly Sensitive and Reliable Piezoresistive Strain Sensor Based on Cobalt Nanoporous Carbon-Incorporated Laser-Induced Graphene for Smart Healthcare Wearables

“…To make these sensors viable for wearable electronics, nanomaterials are largely engineered to provide high sensitivity and long-term stability. 9,10 To date, strain sensors employing various nanomaterials such as silver nanowires (AgNWs), 11,12 carbon nanotubes (CNTs), 13,14 carbon black particles, 15,16 reduced graphene oxides, 17 and ionic liquids 18,19 in elastomeric substrates have been studied. However, such sensors exhibit poor performance, such as a low gauge factor, low cycling stability, and narrow strain detection range, thereby limiting the application of such sensors for the reliable detection of human body-induced deformations (subtle to large strain ranges).…”