Graphene in Solid-State Batteries: An Overview

Abstract

Solid-state batteries (SSBs) have emerged as a potential alternative to conventional Li-ion batteries (LIBs) since they are safer and offer higher energy density. Despite the hype, SSBs are yet to surpass their liquid counterparts in terms of electrochemical performance. This is mainly due to challenges at both the materials and cell integration levels. Various strategies have been devised to address the issue of SSBs. In this review, we have explored the role of graphene-based materials (GBM) in enhancing the electrochemical performance of SSBs. We have covered each individual component of an SSB (electrolyte, cathode, anode, and interface) and highlighted the approaches using GBMs to achieve stable and better performance. The recent literature shows that GBMs impart stability to SSBs by improving Li+ ion kinetics in the electrodes, electrolyte and at the interfaces. Furthermore, they improve the mechanical and thermal properties of the polymer and ceramic solid-state electrolytes (SSEs). Overall, the enhancements endowed by GBMs will address the challenges that are stunting the proliferation of SSBs.

Durability of S- and N-doped graphene nanoplatelets for electrode performance in solid-state batteries

“…14 Furthermore, the fast electron transfer rate, excellent electrochemical activity, high specific surface area (∼2630 m 2 g −1 ), broad electrochemical window, and achievement of high power density with high energy density make graphene a lucrative choice for electrodes of solid state batteries (SSBs). [15][16][17] SSBs function with the same principle as that of conventional Li-ion batteries with the difference of using solid electrolyte instead of liquid electrolyte; this leads to improvement of the cycle life, reduction in the flammability, and increase in the energy density. 18 Although graphene is an excellent material for energy storage devices, its performance in batteries can be further improved by precise and reproducible doping which alters the Fermi energy level and tunes the band gap required for the suitable energy storage application.…”