Graphene nano-electromechanical mass sensor with high resolution at room temperature

Shin, Dong Hoon; Kim, Hakseong; Kim, Sung Hyun; Cheong, Hyeonsik; Steeneken, Peter G.; Joo, Chirlmin; Lee, Sang Wook

doi:10.1016/j.isci.2023.105958

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…Graphene with excellent electrical, mechanical, and thermal performance has drawn tremendous attention in nanoscale electronic devices. − Among its numerous analogues, graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) are highly expected in nanoelectronics and sensors. − Especially, high sensitivity to external stimuli has been demonstrated in low dimensional ultralong GNRs with large aspect ratios, , which show great potential in developing high performance devices. However, achieving a nanoribbon structure with designed geometry can be quite challenging due to the difficulty in energy or mass control at small scale.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultralong, High Aspect Ratio Graphene Nanoribbon Arrays Fabricated by Laser Interference Lithography: Implications for Integrated Nanocircuits

Wu,

Lin,

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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Ultralong graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) have drawn much attention in the field of high performance nanoelectronics. In this work, a mask-free ultrafast laser lithography method is demonstrated for the mass production of ultralong GNR arrays with an intact carbon network. The longest GNR reaches ∼42 μm with a width of ∼400 nm. The orientation of the asreceived GNR arrays is always parallel to the incident laser polarization direction. Original carbon network structures of remaining GNRs are preserved, which are ascribed to the precise energy injection and selective nanoablation in graphene flakes. The formation of large-scale GNR arrays is mainly determined by the interference between the incident laser and the stimulated transverse electric mode surface plasmon (TE-SPs) wave. The excitation of the TE-SPs wave prefers to be triggered at the geometrical fluctuations on ablated graphene surfaces as well as the interface with a large discrepancy of dielectric permittivity (e.g., graphene and SiO 2 ). With the initial generation of the nanoablated groove on the surface, the interference between TE-SPs waves and incident laser beams further extends to the far end with periodic intervals, which results in the continuous formation of GNRs. This ultrafast laser-induced periodic lithography may provide an alternative for ultralong and high aspect ratio GNR array fabrication, which is promising in high performance nanodevice development.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultralong, High Aspect Ratio Graphene Nanoribbon Arrays Fabricated by Laser Interference Lithography: Implications for Integrated Nanocircuits

Wu,

Lin,

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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“…However, currently, the quality factor of graphene resonators at room temperature is generally low [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ]. Therefore, enhancing the quality factor of graphene resonators has become an urgent research issue.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on Fabrication of Phononic Crystal Soft-Supported Graphene Resonator

Zheng,

Liu,

Zhen

et al. 2024

Nanomaterials

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In aviation, aerospace, and other fields, nanomechanical resonators could offer excellent sensing performance. Among these, graphene resonators, as a new sensitive unit, are expected to offer very high mass and force sensitivity due to their extremely thin thickness. However, at present, the quality factor of graphene resonators at room temperature is generally low, which limits the performance improvement and further application of graphene resonators. Enhancing the quality factor of graphene resonators has emerged as a pressing research concern. In a previous study, we have proposed a new mechanism to reduce the energy dissipation of graphene resonators by utilizing phononic crystal soft-supported structures. We verified its feasibility through theoretical analysis and simulations. This article focuses on the fabrication of a phononic crystal soft-supported graphene resonator. In order to address the issues of easy fracture, deformation, and low success rate in the fabrication of phononic crystal soft-supported graphene resonators, we have studied key processes for graphene suspension release and focused ion beam etching. Through parameter optimization, finally, we have obtained phononic crystal soft-supported graphene resonators with varying cycles and pore sizes. Finally, we designed an optical excitation and detection platform based on Fabry–Pérot interference principle and explored the impact of laser power and spot size on phononic crystal soft-supported graphene resonators.

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“…However, fluorescent labels must be introduced through covalent or reversible interactions, which limits the identifications of a few specific features in proteins . Other techniques such as nanoelectromechanical systems have also been investigated, but at the moment they lack molecular resolution …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 Other techniques such as nanoelectromechanical systems have also been investigated, but at the moment they lack molecular resolution. 10 Nanopores offer single-molecule identification of unlabeled molecules. An important characteristic of nanopores is that they can be integrated into low-cost and portable electronic devices for next-generation medical diagnostics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein Sizing with 15 nm Conical Biological Nanopore YaxAB

et al. 2023

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Nanopores are promising single-molecule tools for the electrical identification and sequencing of biomolecules. However, the characterization of proteins, especially in real-time and in complex biological samples, is complicated by the sheer variety of sizes and shapes in the proteome. Here, we introduce a large biological nanopore, YaxAB for folded protein analysis. The 15 nm cis-opening and a 3.5 nm trans-constriction describe a conical shape that allows the characterization of a wide range of proteins. Molecular dynamics showed proteins are captured by the electroosmotic flow, and the overall resistance is largely dominated by the narrow trans constriction region of the nanopore. Conveniently, proteins in the 35−125 kDa range remain trapped within the conical lumen of the nanopore for a time that can be tuned by the external bias. Contrary to cylindrical nanopores, in YaxAB, the current blockade decreases with the size of the trapped protein, as smaller proteins penetrate deeper into the constriction region than larger proteins do. These characteristics are especially useful for characterizing large proteins, as shown for pentameric C-reactive protein (125 kDa), a widely used health indicator, which showed a signal that could be identified in the background of other serum proteins.

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Graphene nano-electromechanical mass sensor with high resolution at room temperature

Cited by 12 publications

References 81 publications

Ultralong, High Aspect Ratio Graphene Nanoribbon Arrays Fabricated by Laser Interference Lithography: Implications for Integrated Nanocircuits

Ultralong, High Aspect Ratio Graphene Nanoribbon Arrays Fabricated by Laser Interference Lithography: Implications for Integrated Nanocircuits

Research on Fabrication of Phononic Crystal Soft-Supported Graphene Resonator

Protein Sizing with 15 nm Conical Biological Nanopore YaxAB

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