Graphene nanocomposites for transdermal biosensing

Abstract

Transdermal biosensors for the real‐time and continuous detection and monitoring of target molecules represent an intriguing pathway for enhancing health outcomes in a cost‐effective and non‐invasive fashion. Many transdermal biosensor devices contain microneedles and other miniaturized components. There remains an unmet clinical need for microneedle transdermal biosensors to obtain a more accurate, rapid, and reliable insight into the real‐time monitoring of disease. The ability to monitor biomarkers at an intradermal molecular level in a non‐invasive manner remains the next technological gap to solve real‐world clinical problems. The emergence of the two‐dimensional material graphene with unique material properties and the ability to quantify analytes and physiological status can enable the detection of critical biomarkers indicative of human disease. The development of a user‐friendly, affordable, and non‐invasive transdermal biosensing device for continuous and personalized monitoring of target molecules could be beneficial for many patients. This focus article considers the use of graphene‐based transdermal biosensors for health monitoring, evaluation of these sensors for glucose and hydrogen peroxide detection via in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo studies, recent technological innovations, and potential challenges. This article is categorized under: Diagnostic Tools > Biosensing

Development of an Automated Design Tool for FEM-Based Characterization of Solid and Hollow Microneedles

“…In this sense, MN patches help to overcome this barrier as they can pierce the skin painlessly and create a channel for drug releasing into the skin layers underneath [ 6 ], as in Figure 1 . On the other hand, MN devices have also been proposed for sample extraction, especially of blood and interstitial fluid (ISF), as key elements of point-of-care devices intended to monitor different disease-related biomarkers and molecules [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ].…”

Graphene Quantum Dots-Based Electrochemical Biosensing Platform for Early Detection of Acute Myocardial Infarction

“…Most of these methods are relatively specific and sensitive but costly and time consuming; furthermore, these methods require high-level complex instrumentation, which is not available in most healthcare settings. Biosensors are analytic tools that contain two components such as a biorecognition element (e.g., biomolecules such as enzymes, DNA, RNA, antibodies, and nucleic acids) and a transducer (e.g., an electrochemical, optical, acoustic, or thermal transducer) [ 20 ]. A transducer converts a particular biological event into a quantifiable and easily processible signal, which is proportional to the amount of target analyte under specific reaction conditions.…”

Metal-Nanostructure-Decorated Spider Silk for Highly Sensitive Refractive Index Sensing

“…Biosensing has attached much attention owing to the great significance in improving life quality, such as detecting toxic materials and pollutants in the environment, taking continuous pH measurements in marine microenvironments, monitoring the safety and quality of food, − and diagnosing disease. , To realize biosensing, the bioprocess needs to be transferred into detectable signals, refractive index (RI), for example. Optical fiber has been utilized to detect changes in environmental RIs , due to its flexibility, remote and real-time monitoring, immunity from electromagnetic interference, and advantages in integration on biochips .…”