Graphene oxide as a template for a complex functional oxide

Boston, Rebecca; Bell, Alexander W.; Ting, Valeska P.; Rhead, Andrew; Nakayama, Tadachika; Faul, Charl F. J.; Hall, Simon R.

doi:10.1039/c5ce00922g

Cited by 17 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…[14b] The current space‐filling platelet crystals resemble mathematical tessellation patterns—the tiling of a plane using one or more geometric shapes with no overlap or gaps (Figure e). The anisotropic platelet crystals are a clear example of graphene‐directed 2D atomic assembly, and are fundamentally distinct from the particle arrays reported previously, which represent a form of directional sintering of simple primary particles without true crystal anisotropy.…”

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confidence: 72%

“…There is also interest in creating high‐aspect‐ratio plate‐like nanomaterials from nonlamellar materials through synthesis methods that direct growth in two dimensions through templating. One approach uses the interlayer spaces in naturally layered materials as reaction vessels to direct 2D growth through confinement . An example is the intercalation of metal ions into multilayer graphene oxide (GO) followed by annealing and oxidation to remove the template and produce metal oxide films .…”

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confidence: 99%

“…In some applications this interparticle porosity offers advantages, but generally particle arrays lack the intrinsic anisotropic properties of platelet crystals and the existing methods offer limited control over grain size, composition, porosity, and film strength. [2a,3,6] We hypothesized that atomic‐scale 2D growth is being prevented by limitations on metal–carbon ratios achieved by the intercalation method—the metal binding sites in GO gallery spaces are too few to achieve the high metal loadings needed to replicate the layered host with metal oxide at full density. Several studies report anisotropic growth of metal oxides by nonintercalation routes, in which GO and metal salts are premixed in solvent with ligands or cross‐linking agents, and yield isolated micrometer‐scale platelets either within or liberated from the graphene template .…”

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confidence: 99%

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Graphene Inks as Versatile Templates for Printing Tiled Metal Oxide Crystalline Films

2017

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There is great interest in exploiting van der Waals gaps in layered materials as confinement reaction vessels to template the synthesis of new nanosheet structures. The gallery spaces in multilayer graphene oxide, for example, can intercalate hydrated metal ions that assemble into metal oxide films during thermal oxidation of the sacrificial graphene template. This approach offers limited control of structure, however, and does not typically lead to 2D atomic-scale growth of anisotropic platelet crystals, but rather arrays of simple particles directionally sintered into porous sheets. Here, a new graphene-directed assembly route is demonstrated that yields fully dense, space-filling films of tiled metal oxide platelet crystals with tessellated structures. The method relies on colloidal engineering to produce a printable "metallized graphene ink" with accurate control of metal loading, grain size/porosity, composition, and micro/nanomorphologies, and is capable of achieving higher metal-carbon ratio than is possible by intercalation methods. These tiled structures are sufficiently robust to create free standing papers, complex microtextured films, 3D shapes, and metal oxide replicas of natural biotextures.

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confidence: 72%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Graphene Inks as Versatile Templates for Printing Tiled Metal Oxide Crystalline Films

2017

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Section: Pre‐stacking or Post‐stacking: Restacked Graphene For Confinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Hall's study, by using GO paper as template, they prepared the complex oxide, YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7−δ (Y123), with layer structure. Figure i‐l demonstrated the microstructure of the obtained layered Y123 by SEM and X‐ray micro‐computed tomography (X‐ray μ‐CT) . From these images, we can see that the layered structure is a good replica of the GO paper.…”

Section: Pre‐stacking or Post‐stacking: Restacked Graphene For Confinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene Emerges as a Versatile Template for Materials Preparation

et al. 2016

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Graphene and its derivatives are emerging as a class of novel but versatile templates for the controlled preparation and functionalization of materials. In this paper a conceptual review on graphene-based templates is given, highlighting their versatile roles in materials preparation. Graphene is capable of acting as a low-dimensional hard template, where its two-dimensional morphology directs the formation of novel nanostructures. Graphene oxide and other functionalized graphenes are amphiphilic and may be seen as soft templates for formatting the growth or inducing the controlled assembly of nanostructures. In addition, nanospaces in restacked graphene can be used for confining the growth of sheet-like nanostructures, and assemblies of interlinked graphenes can behave either as skeletons for the formation of composite materials or as sacrificial templates for novel materials with a controlled network structure. In summary, flexible graphene and its derivatives together with an increasing number of assembled structures show great potentials as templates for materials production. Many challenges remain, for example precise structural control of such novel templates and the removal of the non-functional remaining templates.

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From Flatland to Spaceland: Higher Dimensional Patterning with Two‐Dimensional Materials

et al. 2017

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The creation of three-dimensional (3D) structures from two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterial building blocks enables novel chemical, mechanical or physical functionalities that cannot be realized with planar thin films or in bulk materials. In this Progress Report, we review the use of emerging 2D materials to create complex out-of-plane surface topographies and 3D material architectures. We focus on recent approaches that yield periodic textures or patterns, and present four techniques as case studies: (i) wrinkling and crumpling of planar sheets, (ii) encapsulation by crumpled nanosheet shells, (iii) origami folding and kirigami cutting to create programmed curvature, and (iv) 3D printing of 2D material suspensions. Work to date in this field has primarily used graphene and graphene oxide as the 2D building blocks, and we consider how these unconventional approaches may be extended to alternative 2D materials and their heterostructures. Taken together, these emerging patterning and texturing techniques represent an intriguing alternative to conventional materials synthesis and processing methods, and are expected to contribute to the development of new composites, stretchable electronics, energy storage devices, chemical barriers, and biomaterials.

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Graphene oxide as a template for a complex functional oxide

Abstract: Graphene oxide monoliths of defined macromorphology are used to direct the structure of complex oxides for improved functionality.

Cited by 17 publications

References 36 publications

Graphene Inks as Versatile Templates for Printing Tiled Metal Oxide Crystalline Films

Graphene Inks as Versatile Templates for Printing Tiled Metal Oxide Crystalline Films

Graphene Emerges as a Versatile Template for Materials Preparation

From Flatland to Spaceland: Higher Dimensional Patterning with Two‐Dimensional Materials

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