“…The charged nature of species in plasmas enables one to control their movement in space, allowing for the directional and selective generation of intense fluxes of energy and matter across space. This combination of reactivity and selectivity has made plasmas a useful tool in a variety of systems, from medicine where it can be used to selectively induce apoptotic processes in cancer cells [ 3 , 4 , 5 ], to biology where it can be used to upregulate sugar metabolism and alcohol tolerance in industrial yeast or inhibit resistant bacterial biofilms [ 6 , 7 , 8 ], to agriculture and aquaculture where plasmas can enhance survival and productivity of commercially significant species of plants and fish [ 9 , 10 ]. In addition to changing the behavior of biological objects, plasma-enhanced technologies are used extensively in materials processing and engineering [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ], where plasma-generated species can act as catalysts in material degradation, as building blocks in material assembly, and as modifiers of surface properties.…”