Graphene Oxide Hybridized nHAC/PLGA Scaffolds Facilitate the Proliferation of MC3T3-E1 Cells

Abstract

Biodegradable porous biomaterial scaffolds play a critical role in bone regeneration. In this study, the porous nano-hydroxyapatite/collagen/poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)/graphene oxide (nHAC/PLGA/GO) composite scaffolds containing different amount of GO were fabricated by freeze-drying method. The results show that the synthesized scaffolds possess a three-dimensional porous structure. GO slightly improves the hydrophilicity of the scaffolds and reinforces their mechanical strength. Young’s modulus of the 1.5 wt% GO incorporated scaffold is greatly increased compared to the control sample. The in vitro experiments show that the nHAC/PLGA/GO (1.5 wt%) scaffolds significantly cell adhesion and proliferation of osteoblast cells (MC3T3-E1). This present study indicates that the nHAC/PLGA/GO scaffolds have excellent cytocompatibility and bone regeneration ability, thus it has high potential to be used as scaffolds in the field of bone tissue engineering.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s11671-018-2432-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Interpenetrated nano- and submicro-fibrous biomimetic scaffolds towards enhanced mechanical and biological performances

“…Fig. 2a confirms the typical porous structure of white BC scaffold, which agrees with our previous reports [17,18,24]. Fig.…”

“…The N-sM-F BC/CA scaffold was prepared by the MLIC method. The detailed process was reported in our previous studies [16][17][18]. Briefly, a BC pellicle around 1 mm in thickness was first prepared by conventional static culture method.…”

“…The submicrofibrous CA scaffold was first prepared by electrospinning technique. The BC nanofibers were then totally impregnated into the submicrofibrous template using a modified in situ biosynthesis process, namely a membrane-liquid interface culture (MLIC) method [16][17][18][19]. The asprepared N-sM-F BC/CA scaffold shows interpenetrated nano (42 nm) and submicron (820 nm) fibrous structure.…”

Bone Tissue Engineering via Carbon‐Based Nanomaterials

“…However, the poor bonding interactions between polymers and bioceramics have significantly affected the performance of their composites. To tackle this challenge, several groups have introduced GO into the polymer and bioceramic composites as an interface phase to enhance the interfacial bonding between polymers and bioceramics . On one hand, GO could interact with polymers through strong π‐π stacking interaction or Van Der Waals interaction via the nonpolar carbon sheet; on the other hand, the negatively charged oxygen‐containing functional groups could adsorb the positively charged Ca 2+ and then interact with bioceramics through electrostatic interaction.…”

“…Studies involving different types of polymers with calcium phosphates (CaPs), HA, as well as fluorapatite have been reported. With the introduction of GO, enhancement of mechanical strength, increase in hydrophilicity, and promotion in cell adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation have been observed in these studies. For example, in Bi and co‐workers' study, their system of GO, CaPs and pluronic F127 realized a significant synergistic effect on accelerating hMSCs differentiation to osteoblast ( Figure A) .…”