Graphene Oxide vs Reduced Graphene Oxide as saturable absorbers for Er-doped passively mode-locked fiber laser

Abstract

In this work we demonstrate comprehensive studies on graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) based saturable absorbers (SA) for mode-locking of Er-doped fiber lasers. The paper describes the fabrication process of both saturable absorbers and detailed comparison of their parameters. Our results show, that there is no significant difference in the laser performance between the investigated SA. Both provided stable, mode-locked operation with sub-400 fs soliton pulses and more than 9 nm optical bandwidth at 1560 nm center wavelength. It has been shown that GO might be successfully used as an efficient SA without the need of its reduction to rGO. Taking into account simpler manufacturing technology and the possibility of mass production, GO seems to be a good candidate as a cost-effective material for saturable absorbers for Er-doped fiber lasers.

An Oxygen Reduction Study of Graphene-Based Nanomaterials of Different Origin

“…Based on these observations, we may conclude that the hydrazine treatment results in a limited reduction of GO, since oxygen-containing functionalities still exist in the final product and it is clear that the rGO material synthesised in this work is only partially reduced graphene oxide. However, according to the literature this result is rather expected [15,51,52,59]. Additionally, the XPS survey spectra of rGO revealed a small N 1s peak (see Figure 3).…”

“…284.5 eV and it is well-known that this corresponds to the sp 2 carbon. Additionally, the XPS spectra of GO (data not displayed) and rGO (see Figure 3c) revealed another peak around 286.4 eV presumably attributed to the C-O species (e.g., hydroxyl and epoxy groups) [37,47,51,52]. According to the literature, GO should also consist carboxylic and carbonyl groups, which decorate the edge sites, whereas hydroxyl and epoxy groups are present on the basal plane of a GO sheet [15,30].…”

Graphene Coating on Copper by Electrophoretic Deposition for Corrosion Prevention

“…The D-peak of GO, GO coated Cu, and chemically reduced GO coated Cu located at 1352 cm −1 , 1349 cm −1 , and 1345 cm −1 , respectively, are attributed to defects induced in graphene nano-sheets or their agglomeration. The G-peak for GO, GO coated Cu at 1603 cm −1 , and for chemically reduced GO coated Cu at 1589 cm −1 is due to the first order scattering of the E2g phonon of sp 2 C-atoms [44]. The absence of two-dimensional (2D)-band in graphene oxide indicates that all graphite layers have been oxidized after oxidation, while the presence of this band in reduced GO coated Cu confirms that the product is composed of a few layered graphene.…”

Physical investigations on the radiation damage of graphene oxide by IR pulsed laser

“…The untreated GO foil high-resolution C1s XPS spectrum (see fig.6a) consists of a peak at about 285.0 eV, followed by a second large structure at about 288.0 eV that can be fit to peaks at about 286.8 eV and at 288.4 eV. These features can be attributed to C-C and C=C bonds (which cannot be detected separately due to the XPS spectrometer resolution), C-O (in epoxy and hydroxyl groups) and C=O (in carbonyl groups) links, respectively [11].…”