“…Taking the electrocatalytic reactions involving oxygen/hydrogen as an example, one can find innumerable reports that celebrate the outstanding activity and stability of various unusual electrodes and nanomaterials. As such are (in the original terminology) graphitic C 3 N 4 nanosheets, nano-octahedrons made of N-doped carbon-encapsulated MoN, heteronanosheets of Mo/M 2 C, Mo 2 C-embedded N-doped porous carbon nanosheets, single Mo atoms “anchored” on N-doped carbon, Co 9 S 8 @MoS 2 core–shell heterostructures, Co 3 Mo nanoparticles “nested” in MoO x nanosheet arrays, holey 2D nonlayered heterostructure nanosheets of transition metal carbides/nitrides, Janus hollow graphene with single-atomic Ni/Fe–N 4 sites, Pd nanosponges wrapped by graphene “dots”, hollow heterostructure nanorods of Mo-doped Ni 3 S 2 /Ni x P y , 2D superholey leaf-like metal carbonitrides, open nanoboxes of CoMoO x /CoMoS x /CoS x , graphene-oxide-wrapped mix-valent cobalt phosphate hollow nanotubes, Ag nanowires shelled with NiMn-layered double hydroxides (LDH), cactus-like hollow spheres of NiCo 2 S 4 @NiFe LDH, and numerous other combinations of various extraordinary systems, with their quantity increasing alarmingly. All these electrocatalysts show exceptional activity and are often based on “nanoarchitectonics”, − can exhibit bicatalytic and even tricatalytic performance and are reported to easily outperform those based on precious metals.…”