Graphene Quantum Dots - From Emergence to Nanotheranostic Applications

Joshi, Preeti Nigam; Kundu, Subrata; Sanghi, Sunil Kumar; Sarkar, Dhiman

doi:10.5772/61932

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 105 publications

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“…Studies have shown that quantum dots can be successfully used for imaging because they exhibit a high bioimaging potential (Wu et al, 2013, Joshi et al, 2016). In our study, the transfer of GQDs into the cell cytoplasm was also demonstrated.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene quantum dots: Synthesis, characterization, cell viability, genotoxicity for biomedical applications

Şenel

Demir

Büyükköroğlu

et al. 2019

Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal

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We report the synthesis and applications of a novel N-doped graphene quantum dots (GQDs) using hydrothermal reaction between citric acid and p-aminophenol. The synthesized N-doped GQDs have been characterized physico-chemically and evaluated its antioxidant, antimicrobial, DNA binding and cleavage activities. siRNA loading studies were performed and their effects on cells were evaluated. Obtained results indicate that monodisperse solution of N-doped GQDs has been obtained with particles size ca. ∼10.9 ± 1.3 nm. UV–Vis spectroscopy studies of the interactions between the N-doped GQDs and calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) showed that the compound interact with CT-DNA via both intercalative and electrostatic binding. The DNA cleavage study showed that the N-doped GQDs cleaved DNA without any external agents. The antioxidant activity of N-doped GQDS was very active when compared to BHT. As the concentration of the compound increased, the antioxidant activity also increased. Cell viability assay demonstrated that the Ndoped GQDs showed cell viability (70%) when the concentration reached 200 μg/mL for A549 and also MDA-MB-231, 150 μg/mL for NIH-3T3 cell lines at 24 h incubation. N-doped GQDs were coated with Eudragit RS 100 and EphA2-siRNA was loaded. As a result of the studies on these formulations, it was concluded that there may be significant effects on A549 cells. The microscopy results revealed that N-doped GQDs was quickly internalized into the cell. Our novel N-doped-GQDs with siRNA are candidate for in situ tumor suppression via DNA and mRNA breakage.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene quantum dots: Synthesis, characterization, cell viability, genotoxicity for biomedical applications

Şenel

Demir

Büyükköroğlu

et al. 2019

Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal

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“…Even if several in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated the physiological ability of functional graphene nanomaterials to promote interfacial biointeractions with mammalian cells as well as their potential toxicity in different tissues and organs, the toxicity risks of graphene-based materials are strongly dependent on their surface functionalization and size [ 16 ]. The next generation members of graphene-family, the graphene quantum dots (GQD), have shown even more promising applications in cancer treatments, pulse sensing, and prosthetics [ 17 , 18 , 19 ]. When compared with other carbon-based nanomaterials and to conventional quantum dots (QD), GQD originating from graphene or various organic sources have some particularly unusual chemical/physical properties, such as low toxicity, chemical inertness, water solubility, and biocompatibility, which make them ideal nanocarriers for drug delivery [ 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Smart Nanovector for Cancer Targeted Drug Delivery Based on Graphene Quantum Dots

et al. 2019

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Graphene quantum dots (GQD), the new generation members of graphene-family, have shown promising applications in anticancer therapy. In this study, we report the synthesis of a fluorescent and biocompatible nanovector, based on GQD, for the targeted delivery of an anticancer drug with benzofuran structure (BFG) and bearing the targeting ligand riboflavin (RF, vitamin B2). The highly water-dispersible nanoparticles, synthesized from multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) by prolonged acidic treatment, were linked covalently to the drug by means of a cleavable PEG linker while the targeting ligand RF was conjugated to the GQD by π–π interaction using a pyrene linker. The cytotoxic effect of the synthesized drug delivery system (DDS) GQD-PEG-BFG@Pyr-RF was tested on three cancer cell lines and this effect was compared with that exerted by the same nanovector lacking the RF ligand (GQD-PEG-BFG) or the anticancer drug (GQD@Pyr-RF). The results of biological tests underlined the low cytotoxicity of the GQD sample and the cytotoxic activity of the DDS against the investigated cancer cell lines with a higher or similar potency to that exerted by the BFG alone, thus opening new possibilities for the use of this drug or other anticancer agents endowed of cytotoxicity and serious side effects.

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“…In particular, great attention is focused on soluble graphitic structures belonging to the new family of carbon‐based nanodots with diameters smaller than 30 nm . Amongst them, graphene quantum dots (GQDs) , well‐known for their low‐cost synthesizing strategies, biocompatibility, excellent water solubility, and photophysical features, are an attractive alternative of the water‐insoluble graphene in a wide variety of applications mainly in bioimaging, drug delivery and analytical sensing . Of special interest is their use as sensing and sorbent materials of a great variety of pollutants .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene quantum dots for enhancement of fluorimetric detection coupled to capillary electrophoresis for detection of ofloxacin

et al. 2019

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A new CE method with fluorescence detection is reported on the determination of ofloxacin in milk samples using graphene quantum dots (GQDs) for sensitivity enhancement. Injection of GQDs prior the standards/sample is crucial to increase the antibiotic fluorescence response. Clean‐up and preconcentration steps allowed for a good linear correlation in a concentration range between 50 and 1000 ng/mL for the ofloxacin, detection and quantification limits being 10.7 and 35.5 ng/mL, respectively. Optimal CE conditions for the seven‐fluoroquinolone separation method were assessed in terms of buffer type, pH, and voltage. The selective interaction of GQDs with ofloxacin as model analyte was subsequently studied finding a significant sensitivity improvement; therefore, the analytes would be detected at low concentrations by means of a commercial CE device equipped with a multi‐wavelength photoluminescence detector. Due to the different maximum emission wavelengths of the target compounds and the limitations shown by the single‐wavelength photoluminescence detector coupled to the CE system, we demonstrated the usefulness of the GQD‐assisted sensitivity‐enhanced CE method to determine ofloxacin in milk samples. This work opens an interesting possibility of using GQDs in separation techniques combined with photoluminescence detectors for lowering sensitivity levels typically provided by the mere device.

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Graphene Quantum Dots - From Emergence to Nanotheranostic Applications

Cited by 20 publications

References 105 publications

Graphene quantum dots: Synthesis, characterization, cell viability, genotoxicity for biomedical applications

Graphene quantum dots: Synthesis, characterization, cell viability, genotoxicity for biomedical applications

A Smart Nanovector for Cancer Targeted Drug Delivery Based on Graphene Quantum Dots

Graphene quantum dots for enhancement of fluorimetric detection coupled to capillary electrophoresis for detection of ofloxacin

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