Graphene Strain-Effect Transistor with Colossal ON/OFF Current Ratio Enabled by Reversible Nanocrack Formation in Metal Electrodes on Piezoelectric Substrates

Zheng, Yikai; Sen, Dipanjan; Das, Sarbashis; Das, Saptarshi

doi:10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c04519

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…GFETs were fabricated on the PZT substrate using commercially purchased monolayer graphene films as described in our earlier work . More than 1000 GFETs were fabricated, allowing the construction of multiple SPUFs as we will elucidate later.…”

Section: Fabrication and Characterization Of Gfets On A Piezoelectric...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Graphene-Based Straintronic Physically Unclonable Function

et al. 2023

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Physically unclonable functions (PUFs) are an integral part of modern-day hardware security. Various types of PUFs already exist, including optical, electronic, and magnetic PUFs. Here, we introduce a novel straintronic PUF (SPUF) by exploiting strain-induced reversible cracking in the contact microstructures of graphene field-effect transistors (GFETs). We found that strain cycling in GFETs with a piezoelectric gate stack and high-tensile-strength metal contacts can lead to an abrupt transition in some GFET transfer characteristics, whereas other GFETs remain resilient to strain cycling. Strain sensitive GFETs show colossal ON/OFF current ratios >10 7 , whereas strainresilient GFETs show ON/OFF current ratios <10. We fabricated a total of 25 SPUFs, each comprising 16 GFETs, and found near-ideal performance. SPUFs also demonstrated resilience to regression-based machine learning (ML) attacks in addition to supply voltage and temporal stability. Our findings highlight the opportunities for emerging straintronic devices in addressing some of the critical needs of the microelectronics industry.

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Section: Fabrication and Characterization Of Gfets On A Piezoelectric...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Graphene-Based Straintronic Physically Unclonable Function

et al. 2023

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“…Female butterflies possess specialized chemoreceptor neurons that can detect the chemical composition of male species, which greatly influences their reproductive success. To emulate the chemisensing capability of Heliconius butterflies, we have deployed an artificial chemo-receptor neuron comprising of two graphene chemitransistors (GC1 − GC2) connected in series as shown using both optical image and circuit schematic in Figure 4a,b, respectively. (Graphene chemitransistors were fabricated on the p ++ -Si substrate using commercially purchased monolayer graphene films as described in our earlier works [60][61][62][63][64] ). Aqueous solutions of chemicals are dropped onto the graphene channel regions for chemo-sensing.…”

Section: Graphene-based Chemoreceptor Neuronsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Butterfly‐Inspired Multisensory Neuromorphic Platform for Integration of Visual and Chemical Cues

Zheng,

Ghosh,

Das

2023

Advanced Materials

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Unisensory cues are often insufficient for animals to effectively engage in foraging, mating, and predatory activities. In contrast, integration of cues collected from multiple sensory organs enhances the overall perceptual experience and thereby facilitates better decision‐making. Despite the importance of multisensory integration in animals, the field of artificial intelligence (AI) and neuromorphic computing has primarily focused on processing unisensory information. This lack of emphasis on multisensory integration can be attributed to the absence of a miniaturized hardware platform capable of co‐locating multiple sensing modalities and enabling in‐sensor and near‐sensor processing. In this study, this limitation is addressed by utilizing the chemo‐sensing properties of graphene and the photo‐sensing capability of monolayer molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) to create a multisensory platform for visuochemical integration. Additionally, the in‐memory‐compute capability of MoS2 memtransistors is leveraged to develop neural circuits that facilitate multisensory decision‐making. The visuochemical integration platform is inspired by intricate courtship of Heliconius butterflies, where female species rely on the integration of visual cues (such as wing color) and chemical cues (such as pheromones) generated by the male butterflies for mate selection. The butterfly‐inspired visuochemical integration platform has significant implications in both robotics and the advancement of neuromorphic computing, going beyond unisensory intelligence and information processing.

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“…However, atomic metals switches have a low reproducibility due to electrochemical reactions, which often interrupt randomly the flow of metallic ion filaments. Very recently, reversible cracks were observed in metallic source/drain electrodes of a graphene-channel ferro-FET showing an SS of 1 mV/dec at a high (40 V) gate voltage, and the switching behavior of the transistor under strain proved to be rather instable [7]. A comprehensive review of SS in FETs with atomically thin channels can be found in [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subthreshold slope below 60 mV/decade in graphene transistors induced by channel geometry at the wafer-scale

Dragoman,

Dinescu,

Vulpe

et al. 2024

Nanotechnology

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In this paper, we demonstrate experimentally that field-effect transistors (FETs) with nanoconstricted graphene monolayer channels have a subthreshold swing (SS) below 60 mV/dec, which is slightly dependent on temperature. Two shapes of nanoconstricted graphene monolayers are considered: (i) a bow-tie shape, representative for a symmetric channel, and (ii) a trapezoidal shape, which illustrates an asymmetric channel. While both types of nonuniform channels are opening a bandgap in graphene, thus showing an on/off ratio of 105, the SS in the graphene bow-tie channel is below 60 mV/dec in the temperature range 25 oC-44 oC.

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Graphene Strain-Effect Transistor with Colossal ON/OFF Current Ratio Enabled by Reversible Nanocrack Formation in Metal Electrodes on Piezoelectric Substrates

Cited by 10 publications

References 56 publications

A Graphene-Based Straintronic Physically Unclonable Function

A Graphene-Based Straintronic Physically Unclonable Function

A Butterfly‐Inspired Multisensory Neuromorphic Platform for Integration of Visual and Chemical Cues

Subthreshold slope below 60 mV/decade in graphene transistors induced by channel geometry at the wafer-scale

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