Graphene Synthesis and Its Recent Advances in Applications—A Review

Anuluxan, Santhiran; Iyngaran, Poobalasuntharam; Abiman, Poobalasingam; Kuganathan, Navaratnarajah

doi:10.3390/c7040076

Cited by 26 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 137 publications

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“…From 2004, the goal became then to find a reliable method to produce graphene layers. Today, we have many synthetics methods [4] that can be reliable in many aspects such as: Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD), Liquid Phase Exfoliation (LPE) and reduction of graphene oxide. These methods allowed the transition from laboratory to industrial production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene Exfoliation from HOPG Using the Difference in Binding Energy between Graphite, Graphene and a Substrate

Kamta¹

2023

Graphene - A Wonder Material for Scientists and Engineers

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Since its discovery in 2004, the graphene global market had a huge/considerable growth. Such growth can be explained by the use of graphene in specific or targeted applications where it has a huge and clear advantage. Although graphene is growing and has many possible applications, its market fraction is insignificant compared to the carbon global market. This is simply explained because the industry still has challenges related to quality, costs, reproducibility and safety. In this chapter, we propose a new look on the mechanical exfoliation. Basically, based on the difference in binding energy between graphite, graphene and a substrate we can exfoliate. The binding energy is the energy between materials at equilibrium. When 3 materials A-B-C are interacting, if the binding energy between A-B is superior to B-C, then by moving A in the opposite direction, B will follow. Based on that, we calculated the interaction potential between graphite, graphene and a substrate using the standard Lennard-Jones potential. Conventional substrates like silicon and silicon dioxide cannot exfoliate while gold, silver and copper can at 3.2 to 3.3 Å. This difference may be because of their higher atomic density and modest lattice parameter compared to others substrates used in this study.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene Exfoliation from HOPG Using the Difference in Binding Energy between Graphite, Graphene and a Substrate

Kamta¹

2023

Graphene - A Wonder Material for Scientists and Engineers

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“…[13] Based on the outstanding characteristics of graphene, it has been utilized in emerging technologies such as flexible electronics, energy storing, and fuel cells and for improving the mechanical properties of polymers. [10,12,14] Particularly, the vertical stiffness and damping ratio of elastomeric materials (natural rubber) undertaking axial loading have been shown to improve by interposing graphene films into the polymer. [9] Layering has been proposed to overcome the problem of dispersing the exfoliated graphene nanoplatelets in the polymer matrix when preparing a polymer/graphene composite due to their smaller thickness of %1-2 nm and strong van der Waals interaction forces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Assessment of the Mechanical Performance of Graphene Nanoplatelets Coated Polymers

Rivera,

Londoño Monsalve,

Craciun

et al. 2023

Adv Eng Mater

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This study presents the effect of spray‐coated graphene nanoplatelets on the mechanical response of various polymers to cyclic loadings. The substrates material (three polymers) and the coating (various numbers of coating layers) are assessed. The experimental results suggest that the compressive stiffness, compressive modulus, damping, and energy dissipation of the samples coated with graphene nanoplatelets improve with respect to the uncoated samples. The outcomes of this experimental research highlight the feasibility of utilizing films of graphene nanoplatelets to improve the mechanical properties of polymers for vibration isolation, foreseeing application in various environments, for instance, in buildings and infrastructures (bridges, railways) for seismic and acoustic isolation.

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“…For instance, the exfoliation route, either the mechanical or liquid phase, does not scale-up. Furthermore, some bottom-up methods, including chemical vapor synthesis and epitaxial growth, require complex facilities to deal with high vacuum, heating requirements, and complex gas systems …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The production of large amounts of these materials either in bulk or as large area films of high quality is very challenging. Although significant advances on the various graphene fabrication methods, including mechanical exfoliation, liquid-phase exfoliation, bottom-up synthesis, and reduction of graphene oxide, are constantly being reported, − there has not yet been a universal method that can meet the industrial requirements criteria in both material quality and fabrication yield . According to a 2021 review on graphene synthesis by Santhiran et al, there are several limiting aspects to large industrial production through the current graphene preparation routes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Graphene and Graphene Films with Minimal Structural Defects

Tran,

Booth,

Azarakhshi

et al. 2023

ACS Omega

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Graphene is a carbon material with extraordinary properties that has been drawing a significant amount of attention in the recent decade. High-quality graphene can be produced by different methods, such as epitaxial growth, chemical vapor deposition, and micromechanical exfoliation. The reduced graphene oxide route is, however, the only current approach that leads to the large-scale production of graphene materials at a reasonable cost. Unfortunately, graphene oxide reduction normally yields graphene materials with a high defect density. Here, we introduce a new route for the large-scale synthesis of graphene that minimizes the creation of structural defects. The method involves high-quality hydrogen functionalization of graphite followed by thermal dehydrogenation. We also demonstrated that the hydrogenated graphene synthesis route can be used for the preparation of high-quality graphene films on glass substrates. A reliable method for the preparation of these types of films is essential for the widespread implementation of graphene devices. The structural evolution from the hydrogenated form to graphene, as well as the quality of the materials and films, was carefully evaluated by Raman spectroscopy.

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Graphene Synthesis and Its Recent Advances in Applications—A Review

Cited by 26 publications

References 137 publications

Graphene Exfoliation from HOPG Using the Difference in Binding Energy between Graphite, Graphene and a Substrate

Graphene Exfoliation from HOPG Using the Difference in Binding Energy between Graphite, Graphene and a Substrate

Experimental Assessment of the Mechanical Performance of Graphene Nanoplatelets Coated Polymers

Synthesis of Graphene and Graphene Films with Minimal Structural Defects

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