Graphic Correlation: A Powerful Stratigraphic Technique Comes of Age

Mann, Keith Olin; Lane, Helen

doi:10.2110/pec.95.53.0003

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…3), allowing construction of a CSRS by means of graphic correlation (Mitchell et al . 1994; Mann & Lane 1995). Time units in this system are measured in terms of metres of the CSRS.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geographic and stratigraphic change in the morphology of Triarthrus beckii (Green) (Trilobita): a test of the Plus ça change model of evolution

Kim

Sheets

Mitchell

2009

LET

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Mitchell, C.E. 2009: Geographic and stratigraphic change in the morphology of Triarthrus beckii (Green) (Trilobita): A test of the Plus ça change model of evolution. Lethaia , Vol. 42, The Plus ça change model predicts that deepwater trilobite species such as Triarthrus should exhibit gradual phyletic evolution. A detailed stratigraphic sequence of Triarthrus beckii specimens considered together with geographically separated samples from a single time interval provide a test of the Plus ça change model. We examined geographic patterns of variation in cranidial shape based on specimens from four approximately synchronous levels within the Upper Ordovician (lower Edenian) strata of New York, Québec, Kentucky and Pennsylvania. All geographic populations differ in mean size, except for New York and Pennsylvania. Because allometry is present in both meraspid and holaspid phases of the trilobite, size effects on shape were removed by ontogenetic standardization. Cranidial shapes were then compared among the four study sites and eight stratophenetic samples from New York, obtained by subdividing our Mohawkian Composite Standard Section into 20-m-thick intervals. Goodall's F-test of pairwise comparisons of cranidial shape between eight subintervals in New York and the other three populations are all significant. Geographic variation in cranidial size and shape in T . beckii appears to display a gradient or cline-like pattern that is related to paleogeography. Although cranidial shape is not entirely static within the New York stratophenetic series, it is in all cases different from that sampled elsewhere in the region. Thus, there is no evidence of wholesale immigration and emigration among the geographic areas. Instead, the geographic gradient of T . beckii shape variation may have remained fairly stable over ca. 3 million years during the mid-Chatfieldian to early Edenian interval. This result is indicative of stasis. Consequently, the evolutionary history of T . beckii contradicts the Plus ça change model.

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“…3), allowing construction of a CSRS by means of graphic correlation (Mitchell et al . 1994; Mann & Lane 1995). Time units in this system are measured in terms of metres of the CSRS.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geographic and stratigraphic change in the morphology of Triarthrus beckii (Green) (Trilobita): a test of the Plus ça change model of evolution

Kim

Sheets

Mitchell

2009

LET

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“…The Eocene-Oligocene transition is marked by large-scale extinction of organisms, and floral and faunal turnover and changes (Frederiksen, 1988;Haasl and Hansen, 1996; Oboh settings such as continental, coastal and marginal marine (Rull, 2002). Graphic correlation is a fundamental method that offers improved stratigraphic resolution and enhanced accuracy and precision end results (Mann and Lane, 1995;Krebs et al, 1997;Krebs, 2011).…”

Section: Introduction E-issn 2082-0259mentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphic correlation and paleoenvironmental investigation of the upper Eocene–lower Oligocene sediments in the Dahomey Basin, southwestern Nigeria: insights from palynomorphs

Oláyíwolá¹,

Durugbo²,

Fajemila³

2022

Acta Palaeobot.

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This study presents the results of a comprehensive qualitative and quantitative palynological analysis of four shallow boreholes (Epe-1, Olokonla-1, Ikoyi-1 and Badore-1) in the lower Eocene–upper Oligocene periods of the Dahomey Basin, southwestern Nigeria. The lithostratigraphic analysis revealed three lithologies (sandy-shales, shaly-sands and sandstones). Two most important palynological zones, the Verrucatosporites usmensis, as well as the Magnastriatites howardi Pan-tropical zones, are delineated. First Appearance Datum (FAD) of Achomosphaera alcicornu marked the late Eocene–early Oligocene boundaries (E/O) within the four boreholes, while FAD of Adnatosphaeridium multispinosum defined the late Eocene–early Oligocene boundary (E/O) in Ikoy-1. Two informal palynological assemblage zones were revealed in the four boreholes. Common occurrences of palms, mangrove, fresh water and brackish water pollen, and pteridophyte spores with spots records of marine elements and algae species during marine invasion suggested fluctuation from fluvio-deltaic/nearshore to marginal marine paleoenvironments. Graphic correlation discloses that for every meter of sedimentary rock accretion within Epe-1, equally amounted to merely 0.31 m, 0.56 m, as well as 0.47 m of sediments, which were put down in Olokonla-1, Ikoyi-1, as well as Badore-1, respectively. These comparative rates of sedimentary rock accretion show with the purpose of either there is fewer attrition occurrence and/or extra accommodation gap within Epe-1 than Olokonla-1, Ikoyi-1, as well as Badore-1. The assessment of the slopes, intercept and correlation equations through graphic correlation procedures enable the identification of four biostratigraphic events in Epe-1, Olokonla-1, Ikoyi-1, as well as Badore-1. The findings in this investigation are necessary for depositional succession and paleoenvironmental understandings, as well as basin investigation, and above all, to show a relationship of broadly separated boreholes.

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“…The selection of a standard reference section in graphic correlation and the selection of a GSSP are similar processes in that both seek to find, within a defined chronostratigraphic interval, a stratigraphic section that, ideally, has the following characteristics: 1) a thick, continuous record of rock accumulation that is free of sedimentological and structural breaks, 2) absence of strong diagenetic and metamorphic alteration, 3) absence of broad vertical facies changes, and 4) abundant, diverse, and well-preserved fossils that exhibit short stratigraphic ranges (rapid evolution) and wide geographic ranges (international correlation potential) (Remane et al , 1996). Figure 4 displays details of the graphic correlation technique, and further discussion of the method can be found in Shaw (1964), Edwards (1982Edwards ( , 1984Edwards ( , 1989, and Mann and Lane (1995). The GSSP selection process ends when international consensus is reached on a stratotype-section and the definition of chronostratigraphic point/s within this section.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of graphic correlation to compare Lower Permian sections of the Glass Mountains, West Texas and the Western Slope of the Ural Mountains, Russia

Benoist¹

2000

Episodes

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Graphic Correlation: A Powerful Stratigraphic Technique Comes of Age

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Geographic and stratigraphic change in the morphology of Triarthrus beckii (Green) (Trilobita): a test of the Plus ça change model of evolution

Geographic and stratigraphic change in the morphology of Triarthrus beckii (Green) (Trilobita): a test of the Plus ça change model of evolution

Graphic correlation and paleoenvironmental investigation of the upper Eocene–lower Oligocene sediments in the Dahomey Basin, southwestern Nigeria: insights from palynomorphs

Application of graphic correlation to compare Lower Permian sections of the Glass Mountains, West Texas and the Western Slope of the Ural Mountains, Russia

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