Graphic representation of accidentscenarios: mapping system structure and the causation of accidents

Systems thinking, the Swiss Cheese Model and accident analysis: A comparative systemic analysis of the Grayrigg train derailment using the ATSB, AcciMap and STAMP models

“…The AcciMap, developed by Rasmussen (1997) and Svedung and Rasmussen (2002) was designed to take a control theory-based systems thinking approach to accident analysis. Consequently, accidents are considered to result from the loss of control over potentially harmful physical processes.…”

“…The method was selected for use in this study for this reason and because: it is one of the most popular SAA methods; it has been used previously to analyse rail accidents (e.g. Branford et al, 2009;Salmon et al, 2013); guidance material is available which would improve the reliability of the analysis (see Svedung and Rasmussen, 2002;Underwood and Waterson, 2012).…”

“…However, it was judged that this process was too far removed from the original format introduced by Rasmussen (1997), which has been used in more contemporary research (e.g. Stanton et al, 2012;Salmon et al, 2013).Therefore the guidance offered by Svedung and Rasmussen (2002)was selected for use in this study. Information within the investigation report was coded with NVivo if it described: (1) the topography of the accident scene; (2) a decision/action taken by an actor in the system; (3) a direct/indirect consequence; (4) a precondition requiring no further evaluation.…”

A systemic analysis of South Korea Sewol ferry accident – Striking a balance between learning and accountability

“…The AcciMap analysis involved the construction of a causal diagram, which maps the multiple contributing factors to the accident and their interrelationship on the five levels of the sociotechnical system. In this study, the structure of the AcciMap has been adopted from Svedung and Rasmussen (2002) and Branford (2011).…”

Is big data risk assessment a novelty?

“…This explains why investigations into serious accidents from the point of view of acts, events and errors are not very useful but should instead be directed towards research into decision making and to integrating the knowledge and the context of such decision. Risk management should be focussed on understanding the dynamics of the safety of processes and the need for stakeholders to determine the boundaries and gain insight through feedback control, into when a state of 'drift to danger' occurs (Svedung & Rasmussen, 2002).…”